ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS THROUGH INDIAN KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS: A REVIEW-BASED PERSPECTIVE

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations aim to address critical global challenges such as poverty, inadequate healthcare, poor education, and environmental degradation. Achieving these goals requires sustainable and practical solutions, and Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) offer well-established methods that align with SDG objectives. IKS includes traditional farming techniques, Ayurveda-based healthcare, water conservation strategies, and holistic education, all of which have supported sustainable living for generations.

Despite ongoing efforts, several SDGs remain unachieved as of 2024. SDG 1 (No Poverty) continues to be a challenge due to income inequality and unemployment. SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) faces setbacks due to unsustainable agricultural practices and food insecurity. SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) struggles with rising lifestyle diseases and unequal healthcare access. SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) remains a concern, especially in water-scarce regions. SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) and SDG 14 (Life Below Water) require urgent attention due to pollution and overconsumption of resources. SDG 13 (Climate Action) and SDG 15 (Life on Land) demand immediate intervention to tackle deforestation and environmental damage.

This research paper explores how IKS can contribute to achieving these SDGs by examining various studies and scholarly research conducted in this field. The findings highlight that traditional organic farming methods enhance food security and soil fertility, Ayurveda and indigenous medicine offer cost-effective healthcare solutions, ancient water conservation techniques ensure sustainable water management, and indigenous environmental conservation practices help mitigate climate change. The Gurukula system and value-based education enhance learning quality.

India’s NEP 2020 promotes IKS by integrating traditional knowledge into education through multidisciplinary and experiential learning. It encourages research and innovation in IKS, helping students connect with India’s scientific and cultural heritage. This approach equips future generations with sustainable practices, supporting SDG achievement.

By integrating these time-tested practices into modern policies and development frameworks, India can accelerate progress toward SDG achievement while preserving its rich cultural heritage.