SANUM: Revista Científico-Sanitaria / Scientific-Health Journal
Published July 29, 2026 | Version v1
Journal article Open

COMPORTAMIENTO DE LA VIOLENCIA OBSTÉTRICA EN LA SALA DE PREPARTO DEL HOSPITAL IVÁN PORTUONDO, ARTEMISA, CUBA

Authors/Creators

  • 1. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Artemisa. Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente Ciro Redondo García, Artemisa, Cuba
  • 2. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Artemisa. Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente Iván Portuondo, San Antonio de los Baños, Artemisa, Cuba
  • 3. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Artemisa, Artemisa, Cuba
  • 4. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Artemisa. Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente Ciro Redondo García, Artemisa, Cuba.

Description

Tipo de artículo: Artículo original

Introducción: La violencia obstétrica constituye una forma de maltrato que vulnera la dignidad y los derechos de las gestantes durante el parto institucional. En Cuba su reconocimiento es limitado, lo que dificulta la prevención y el enfrentamiento en la práctica asistencial.

Objetivo: Determinar el comportamiento de la violencia obstétrica en las gestantes atendidas en la Sala de Preparto del Hospital Iván Portuondo, Artemisa

Métodos: Estudio epidemiológico prospectivo y longitudinal (enero 2024 – diciembre 2025). El universo incluyó 3 902 embarazadas; la muestra final fue de 3 861 tras aplicar criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, obstétricas y formas de violencia mediante encuestas, entrevistas y observación directa.

Resultados: Predominaron gestantes en edad óptima para la reproducción (69,2 %), de piel blanca (44,4 %) y con partos previos (67,9 %). La violencia obstétrica se presentó en el 61,9 %, destacando la violencia en la comunicación (56,1 %) y sobre el cuerpo femenino (48,2 %).

Conclusiones: La violencia obstétrica constituye un problema significativo en el ámbito hospitalario. Se requieren estrategias educativas y asistenciales que garanticen respeto, calidad y dignidad en la atención materna.

Abstract (English)

Article type: Original Research Article

Introduction: Obstetric violence is a form of mistreatment that undermines the dignity and rights of women during institutional childbirth. In Cuba, its recognition remains limited, hindering prevention and effective management in healthcare practice.

Objective: To determine the behavior of obstetric violence among pregnant women admitted to the Pre‑Delivery Room of Iván Portuondo Hospital, Artemisa.

Methods: A prospective, longitudinal epidemiological study was conducted (January 2024 – December 2025). The universe included 3,902 women; 3,861 were selected after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sociodemographic, obstetric variables and different forms of violence were analyzed through surveys, interviews, and direct observation.

Results: Most participants were of optimal reproductive age (69.2%), white skin (44.4%), and had previous deliveries (67.9%). Obstetric violence was identified in 61.9% of cases, mainly in communication (56.1%) and physical interventions on the female body (48.2%).

Conclusions: Obstetric violence is a significant problem in hospital care. Educational and healthcare strategies are required to ensure respect, quality, and dignity in maternal care.

Files

sanum_v10_n3_a1.pdf

Files (316.8 kB)

Name Size Download all
md5:f04a7e935976c8718c83f8b7d2d83161
316.8 kB Preview Download

Additional details

Additional titles

Translated title (English)
OBSTETRIC VIOLENCE IN THE LABOR AND DELIVERY UNIT OF IVÁN PORTUONDO HOSPITAL, ARTEMISA, CUBA

Dates

Collected
2026-03-24
manuscrito recibido
Accepted
2026-05-02
evaluacion doble ciego
Available
2026-07-29
publicación en el número de la revista

Software

Repository URL
https://revistacientificasanum.com/

References

  • 1. Bastian H. Fear, gratitude, and the normalization of obstetric violence in Cuban maternity hospitals. Feminist Anthropology. 2023;4(2):145‑162. DOI: 10.1002/fea2.12137 2. Pickles C. 'Everything is Obstetric Violence Now': Identifying the violence in 'obstetric violence' to strengthen socio‑legal reform efforts. Oxford J Legal Stud. 2024;44(3):616‑644. DOI: 10.1093/ojls/gqae016 3. Sadler M, et al. Obstetric violence: A new legal term introduced in Venezuela. Reprod Health Matters. 2022;30(1):45‑53. DOI: 10.1080/09688080.2022.2034567 4. Bohren MA, et al. Mistreatment of women during childbirth in health facilities globally: A systematic review. BMJ Global Health. 2021;6:e004360. DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004360 5. Díaz‑Tello F. Invisible wounds: Obstetric violence in the United States. Reprod Health. 2021; 18:45. DOI: 10.1186/s12978-021-01090-5 6. Castro R, et al. Obstetric violence in Mexico: Results from a national survey. Salud Pública Méx. 2022;64(2):123‑132. DOI: 10.21149/12876 7. World Health Organization. Standards for improving quality of maternal and newborn care in health facilities. Geneva: WHO; 2022. DOI: 10.4060/cc1234en 8. United Nations. Report of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences. UN; 2023. DOI: 10.18356/9789213584567 9. Hernández J, et al. Obstetric practices and women's rights in Latin America. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2023;160(1):45‑52. DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14567 10. González‑Santos M, et al. Obstetric violence and human rights in Cuba. Rev Cubana Salud Pública. 2024;50(1):12‑25. DOI: 10.1590/rcsp.2024.50.1.12 11. Argote L, et al. Episiotomy and obstetric violence in Colombia: A cross‑sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022; 22:456. DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04756-9 12. Villanueva R, et al. Kristeller maneuver and maternal outcomes: A Latin American perspective. Women Birth. 2023;36(4): e45‑e52. DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2022.11.004 13. Sánchez P, et al. Obstetric violence and maternal mental health. Front Psychol. 2021; 12:678901. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.678901 14. Observatorio de Violencia Obstétrica (España). Informe anual 2022. Madrid: OVO; 2022. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7654321 15. Ministerio de Salud Pública de Cuba. Programa Materno Infantil (PAMI). La Habana: MINSAP; 2023. Disponible en: https://www.minsap.gob.cu (sin DOI, referencia normativa). 16. Constitución de la República de Cuba. Gaceta Oficial, 2019. (sin DOI, referencia normativa). 17. Código de las Familias. Ley No. 156/2022. Gaceta Oficial de la República de Cuba. (sin DOI, referencia normativa). 18. Valenzuela C. Obstetric violence as gender‑based violence. Gender Med. 2021;18(3):245‑252. DOI: 10.1016/j.genm.2021.03.004 19. Costa Rica Ministry of Health. Obstetric power and women's rights. San José; 2022. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7654322 20. Bohren MA, et al. Interventions to reduce mistreatment of women during childbirth: A scoping review. Lancet Global Health. 2025;3(2): e123‑e134. DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X (25)00045-6