Published June 16, 2026 | Version v2

Multi-scale empirical tests of Entropy-Response Gravity: galaxies, clusters, and the intracluster medium

  • 1. Independent researcher

Description

Multi-scale empirical tests (E1) of the Entropy-Response Gravity (Bipartite KMS Gravity) programme across three scales: 173 SPARC galaxies (four-way Bayesian model comparison selecting the Standard interpolating function mu(x)=x/sqrt(1+x^2) at 6.4 sigma), 289 eFEDS x HSC clusters (mass-entropy slope -1.02 +/- 0.08 at 12.4 sigma), and cluster ICM profiles (Bullet post-shock entropy contrast 122 +/- 18 percent). Version 2 note: the interpolating-function nomenclature is corrected throughout -- v1 had inverted the labels (calling x/sqrt(1+x^2) 'simple' and x/(1+x) 'standard'); the correct convention (Milgrom 1983) is Standard = x/sqrt(1+x^2) (n=2, ERG's prediction, SPARC-selected) and Simple = x/(1+x) (n=1). The wide-binary tension is stated accurately: C3PO excludes the Simple form at 3.1 sigma (not predicted by ERG) and disfavours the Standard form ERG predicts at 1.9 sigma, the latter being the outstanding challenge. No numerical results change. Pre-registered at OSF 10.17605/OSF.IO/5HCGF.

Files

E1_MULTISCALE_v2.pdf

Files (238.3 kB)

Name Size Download all
md5:aefdee6e0696b18d0356cc5e64d55aea
2.1 kB Preview Download
md5:95a363962ba3eacbfc97bd22127675aa
185.5 kB Preview Download
md5:54bef73198b0af42c25d08237f735de6
49.7 kB Download
md5:4aae804b9da6a99a498a91387616ffd4
1.0 kB Preview Download

Additional details