Supplemental Material for "Alpha-klotho, Insulin Resistance, and Adiposity Among Older Adults" by Ahmad A et al.

Supplementary Materials for "Alpha-klotho, Insulin Resistance, and Adiposity Among Older Adults" by Ahmad A et al.

Supplemental Figure. Flow diagram of participant inclusion in incidental diabetes analyses.

 Supplemental Table 1. Correlation matrix of key anthropometric measures of adiposity available in the analytic sample. All correlations were statistically significant (p<0.05).  

Supplemental Table 2. Number of participants who had abdominal obesity at the follow-up visit, a component of metabolic syndrome defined by waist circumference >102 cm (men), >88 cm (women).

Supplemental Table 3. Primary and secondary outcomes stratified by BMI classification.

Supplemental Table 4. Comparing baseline characteristics for participants who were excluded from the final analytic dataset and would have been 55 years or older at the first follow-up visit against participants who were included in the final analytic dataset (see Figure 1 for selection criteria).

Supplemental Table 5. Primary and secondary outcomes stratified by BMI classification and compared by alpha-klotho concentration.

Supplemental Table 6. Information regarding medication use for medications that may affect insulin resistance for participants in our analytic cohort at baseline.

Supplemental Table 7. Association between the exposure (alpha-klotho), and primary (HOMA-IR) and secondary outcomes (serum glucose and insulin) with and without adjustment for covariates, including medications that may affect insulin resistance.

Supplemental Table 8. Association between the exposure (alpha-klotho), and primary (HOMA-IR) and secondary outcomes (serum glucose and insulin) with and without adjustment for covariates, including baseline diabetes.

Supplemental Table 9. Unadjusted and adjusted associations between alpha-klotho and outcomes HOMA-IR, serum glucose, and serum insulin, stratified by BMI category, including adjustment for baseline diabetes. 

Supplemental Table 10. Association between the exposure (alpha-klotho), and primary (HOMA-IR) and secondary outcomes (serum glucose and insulin) with and without adjustment for covariates, excluding n=92 participants who had diabetes at baseline.

Supplemental Table 11. Unadjusted and adjusted associations between alpha-klotho and outcomes HOMA-IR, serum glucose, and serum insulin, stratified by BMI category, excluding 92 individuals who had diabetes at the first follow-up visit.

Supplemental Table 12. Association between the exposure (alpha-klotho), and primary (HOMA-IR) and secondary outcomes (serum glucose and insulin) with and without adjustment for covariates in the normal BMI stratum, excluding 11 participants (9 with complete data) with BMI < 18.5kg/m².