Energy Modeling of a Self-Sustainable Base Station

Electrical grid may not be available for providing power for cellular networks in remote locations such as forests and mountains. However, having connectivity in this kind of wilderness areas would be beneficial, for example, for being able to connect to the Internet and having voice calls. Alternatively, renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, and hydrogen could be utilized to power up the base station. This paper studies with Matlab simulations the energy modeling of a self-sustainable base station. Two different selections of equipment for renewable energy sources to provide sufficient energy for an open radio access network (O-RAN) base station for the whole year with 
extremely varying weather conditions in Oulu, Northern Finland were evaluated.