Impact of integrating solar and wind DGs on voltage profiles and power losses in a practical distribution system

The rising inclusion of renewable energy sources into distribution networks 
has accelerated the adoption of distributed generation (DG) technologies 
such as solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbines. This paper explores the 
effect of solar and wind DG integration on voltage profiles, power losses, 
and economic performance in a practical 41-bus radial distribution system. 
Using the Power World Simulator (PWS) software, the load flow analysis is 
performed to evaluate different DG placement strategies and penetration 
levels using the loss sensitivity factor (LSF) method. The results indicate 
that optimal placement of solar and wind DGs notably improves voltage 
stability and effectively reduces both real and reactive power losses in the 
distribution system. Furthermore, the economic analysis demonstrates 
annual savings of ₹29.08 lakhs for solar DG and ₹33.40 lakhs for wind DG, 
with payback periods of approximately 11 years, indicating strong technical 
and financial feasibility. The findings highlight that strategic DG planning 
can simultaneously enhance system reliability, efficiency, and economic 
viability in modern distribution systems.