Open Science Articles (OSAs)
Published June 10, 2026 | Version 0.1.8
Software Open

Oresme

Authors/Creators

  • 1. International Scientific Publications

Description

Oresme

Oresme numbers refer to the sums related to the harmonic series.

Türkçe Tanım:

Oresme Sayıları, 14. yüzyılda Nicole Oresme tarafından incelenen matematiksel serilerdir. Oresme sayıları harmonik seriye ait toplamları ifade eder. İki türü vardır:

  1. ( \frac{n}{2^n} ) serisi (Oresme'nin orijinal çalışması),
  2. Harmonik sayılar (( H_n = 1 + \frac{1}{2} + \cdots + \frac{1}{n} )).
    Bu sayılar, analiz ve sayı teorisinde önemli rol oynar.

Bu modül (Numba/JAX olmadan) şunları sağlar:

  • Harmonik sayı hesaplamaları (kesirli tam sonuçlar ve kayan noktalı)
  • Oresme dizisi (n / 2^n) üretimi
  • ℓ² (Hilbert uzayı) aidiyet testleri (matematiksel olarak doğru)
  • Dizi analizi ve karşılaştırma yardımcıları
  • Yaklaştırım yöntemleri ve yakınsama analizi

English Definition:

Oresme Numbers are mathematical series studied by Nicole Oresme in the 14th century. Oresme numbers refer to the sums related to the harmonic series. They include two types:

  1. The ( \frac{n}{2^n} ) sequence (Oresme's original work),
  2. Harmonic numbers (( H_n = 1 + \frac{1}{2} + \cdots + \frac{1}{n} )).
    These numbers play a key role in analysis and number theory.

This module provides (without Numba/JAX):

  • Harmonic number calculations (exact fractions and floating point)
  • Oresme sequence (n / 2^n) generation
  • Hilbert space (ℓ²) membership tests (mathematically sound)
  • Sequence analysis and comparison utilities
  • Approximation methods and convergence analysis

Fark/Karşılaştırma (Difference):

  • Oresme'nin ( \frac{n}{2^n} ) serisi ıraksaklık kanıtları için önemlidir.
  • Harmonik sayılar (( H_n )) ise logaritmik büyüme gösterir ve ( n \to \infty ) iken ıraksar.
  • Modern literatürde "Oresme numbers" terimi daha çok tarihsel bağlamda kullanılır.

Kurulum (Türkçe) / Installation (English)

Python ile Kurulum / Install with pip, conda, mamba

pip install Oresme -U
python -m pip install -U oresme
conda install bilgi::oresme -y
mamba install bilgi::oresme -y
 
- pip uninstall oresme -y
+ pip install -U oresme
+ python -m pip install -U oresme
 

PyPI

Test Kurulumu / Test Installation

pip install -i https://test.pypi.org/simple/ oresme -U
 

Github Master Kurulumu / GitHub Master Installation

Terminal:

pip install git+https://github.com/WhiteSymmetry/Oresme.git
 

Jupyter Lab, Notebook, Visual Studio Code:

!pip install git+https://github.com/WhiteSymmetry/Oresme.git
# or
%pip install git+https://github.com/WhiteSymmetry/Oresme.git
 

Kullanım (Türkçe) / Usage (English)

import oresme as ore 

# Example 1: Generate Oresme sequence
print(ore.oresme_sequence(5))  # [0.5, 0.5, 0.375, 0.25, 0.15625]

# Example 2: Get exact harmonic numbers as fractions
print(ore.harmonic_numbers(3))  # [Fraction(1, 1), Fraction(3, 2), Fraction(11, 6)]

# Example 3: Calculate single harmonic number
print(ore.harmonic_number(5))  # 2.283333333333333

# Example 4: Approximate large harmonic number
print(ore.harmonic_number_approx(1_000_000))  # ≈14.392726722865724

# Example 5: Use generator
for i, h in enumerate(ore.harmonic_generator(3), 1):
    print(f"H_{i} = {h}")

# Example 6: NumPy vectorized version
print(ore.harmonic_numbers_numpy(5))  # [1. 1.5 1.833... 2.083... 2.283...]

[0.5, 0.5, 0.375, 0.25, 0.15625]
[Fraction(1, 1), Fraction(3, 2), Fraction(11, 6)]
2.283333333333333
14.392726722865808
H_1 = 1.0
H_2 = 1.5
H_3 = 1.8333333333333333
[1.         1.5        1.83333333 2.08333333 2.28333333]
 
import oresme
oresme.__version__
 
from oresme.oresme import _run_tests, main
_run_tests()
main()
 

Development

# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/WhiteSymmetry/Oresme.git
cd Oresme

# Install in development mode
python -m pip install -ve . # Install package in development mode

# Run tests
pytest

Notebook, Jupyterlab, Colab, Visual Studio Code
!python -m pip install git+https://github.com/WhiteSymmetry/Oresme.git
 

Citation

If this library was useful to you in your research, please cite us. Following the GitHub citation standards, here is the recommended citation.

BibTeX

APA

Keçeci, M. (2025). Echoes of Constancy: Waves of Change in the Keçeci and Oresme Sequences. In SciELO Preprints. https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.12584

Keçeci, M. (2025). Between Chaos and Order: A Behavioural Portrait of Keçeci and Oresme Numbers. preprints.ru. https://doi.org/10.24108/preprints-3113623

Keçeci, M. (2025). Analysing the Dynamic and Static Structures of Keçeci and Oresme Sequences. Authorea. https://doi.org/10.22541/au.175199926.64529709/v1

Keçeci, M. (2025). Dynamic Sequences Versus Static Sequences: Keçeci and Oresme Numbers in Focus. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202507.0781.v1

Keçeci, M. (2025). Mobility and Constancy in Mathematical Sequences: A Study on Keçeci and Oresme Numbers. OSF. https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/68r4v

Keçeci, Mehmet (2025). Dynamic and Static Approaches in Mathematics: Investigating Keçeci and Oresme Sequences. Knowledge Commons. https://doi.org/10.17613/gbdgx-d8y63

Keçeci, Mehmet (2025). Dynamic-Static Properties of Keçeci and Oresme Number Sequences: A Comparative Examination. figshare. Journal contribution. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29504960

Keçeci, M. (2025). Variability and Stability in Number Sequences: An Analysis of Keçeci and Oresme Numbers. WorkflowHub. https://doi.org/10.48546/workflowhub.document.37.1

Keçeci, M. (2025). Dynamic vs Static Number Sequences: The Case of Keçeci and Oresme Numbers. Open Science Articles (OSAs), Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15833351

Keçeci, M. (2025). Oresme. figshare. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29504708

Keçeci, M. (2025). Oresme [Data set]. WorkflowHub. https://doi.org/10.48546/workflowhub.datafile.18.1 

Keçeci, M. (2025). Oresme (0.1.0). Open Science Articles (OSAs), Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15833238
 

Chicago

Keçeci, Mehmet. Echoes of Constancy: Waves of Change in the Keçeci and Oresme Sequences. In SciELO Preprints, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.12584

Keçeci, Mehmet. Dynamic vs Static Number Sequences: The Case of Keçeci and Oresme Numbers. Open Science Articles (OSAs), Zenodo, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15833351

Keçeci, Mehmet. Oresme. figshare, 2025. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.29504708

Keçeci, Mehmet. Oresme [Data set]. WorkflowHub, 2025. https://doi.org/10.48546/workflowhub.datafile.18.1 

Keçeci, Mehmet. Oresme. Open Science Articles (OSAs), Zenodo, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15833238
 

Lisans (Türkçe) / License (English)

This project is licensed under the GPL-3.0-or-later License.
 

Pixi:

pixi init oresme

cd oresme

pixi workspace channel add https://prefix.dev/channels/bilgi --prepend

✔ Added https://prefix.dev/channels/bilgi

pixi add oresme

✔ Added oresme >=...,<1

pixi install

pixi shell

pixi run python -c "import oresme; print(oresme.version)"

Çıktı:

pixi remove oresme

conda install -c https://prefix.dev/channels/bilgi oresme

pixi run python -c "import oresme; print(oresme.version)"

Çıktı:

pixi run pip list | grep oresme

oresme

pixi run pip show oresme

Name: oresme

Version:

Summary:

Home-page: https://github.com/WhiteSymmetry/oresme

Author: Mehmet Keçeci

Author-email: Mehmet Keçeci <...>

License: GNU AFFERO GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

Copyright (c) 2025-2026 Mehmet Keçeci

  1. https://pypi.org/project/oresme/
  2. https://anaconda.org/bilgi/oresme
  3. https://prefix.dev/channels/bilgi/packages/oresme

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Additional details

Dates

Accepted
2027-07-08
Oresme

Software

Repository URL
https://github.com/WhiteSymmetry/Oresme
Programming language
Python
Development Status
Active