SECURITY ISSUES IN SCALABLE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) NETWORK ARCHITECTURES

The rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) has significantly expanded the possibilities of digital interaction between devices, users, services and cyber-physical systems. However, the large-scale deployment of IoT infrastructures creates new security challenges related to device authentication, data confidentiality, access control, network scalability and protection against distributed cyberattacks. This article examines security issues in scalable IoT network architectures and analyzes the main risks arising at the perception, network, edge/cloud and application layers. The study emphasizes that traditional centralized security models are not always effective in highly distributed IoT environments. Therefore, scalable protection mechanisms based on lightweight cryptography, distributed authentication, edge computing, anomaly detection and trust management are required. The results of the analysis show that the security of IoT systems should be considered not as a separate technical function, but as an integral architectural principle implemented at all levels of the system.