ASSESSMENT OF PHYSIOLOGICAL VARIABLES (VO₂ MAX AND HEMOGLOBIN) AMONG RURAL AND URBAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN NORTH COASTAL ANDHRA PRADESH

Abstract
Physiological fitness plays a significant role in determining the health status
and physical performance of adolescents. Among various physiological
indicators, maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂ Max) and hemoglobin concentration
are considered important measures of aerobic fitness and oxygen-carrying
capacity. The present study aimed to compare the physiological variables of
rural and urban high school students from North Coastal Andhra Pradesh. A
total of 300 students from Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, and Visakhapatnam
districts were selected for the investigation. VO₂ Max was assessed through a
standardized step test, while hemoglobin levels were measured using
laboratory procedures. Statistical analysis was performed using mean,
standard deviation, and t-test techniques. The results revealed significant
differences between rural and urban students in selected physiological
variables. The findings indicate that environmental conditions, nutritional
habits, physical activity patterns, and socio-economic factors contribute to
variations in physiological fitness. The study highlights the importance of
improving health awareness, nutrition, and physical activity programs among
school children. The results provide valuable information for educators,
coaches, health professionals, and policymakers concerned with adolescent
health and fitness development.