DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN HEALTHCARE: THE ROLE OF GOVERNANCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, ECONOMIC FACTORS, AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT

Digital transformation has emerged as a critical driver of innovation and performance improvement within
healthcare systems worldwide. The integration of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI),
digital research tools, simulation-based training systems, and innovative medical devices has significantly
altered healthcare delivery, decision-making processes, and organizational operations. However, the successful
implementation of digital transformation initiatives depends not only on technological advancements but also on
effective governance structures, adequate economic resources, and strategic change management practices. This
study examines the role of corporate governance, artificial intelligence, economic factors, and change
management in facilitating digital transformation within healthcare organizations. Using a narrative literature
review approach, the study synthesizes evidence from recent scholarly publications addressing healthcare
innovation, organizational performance, health financing, technology adoption, and digital healthcare systems.
The findings indicate that strong governance mechanisms promote accountability, strategic alignment, and
technology adoption, while artificial intelligence enhances clinical decision-making, operational efficiency, and
predictive capabilities. Economic factors, including healthcare expenditure and financial sustainability,
significantly influence the capacity of healthcare institutions to adopt and maintain digital innovations.
Furthermore, effective change management practices are essential for overcoming organizational resistance and
ensuring successful technology integration. The review highlights the interconnected nature of governance,
technology, economics, and organizational adaptation in shaping healthcare transformation outcomes. The study
concludes that a holistic approach combining robust governance frameworks, sustainable financial investment,
AI driven innovation, and proactive change management is necessary to maximize the benefits of digital
transformation in healthcare. Future research should explore long term implementation outcomes and emerging
technological developments across diverse healthcare settings.