A Literature Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques for Intrusion Detection in IoT Systems and Critical Infrastructures

This literature review examines the role of Machine Learning and Deep Learning techniques in intrusion detection systems for Internet of Things (IoT) environments and critical infrastructures. The study discusses major cybersecurity challenges in IoT systems, intrusion detection approaches, machine learning and deep learning algorithms, dimensionality reduction using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and applications in critical infrastructure protection. The review is based on recent scientific literature and highlights current trends, challenges, and future directions in AI-driven cybersecurity.