Spumacinctus porcicaudalis gen. et sp. nov.

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Figs 7–9

Diagnosis

Spumacinctus porcicaudalis gen. et sp. nov. differs from S. mindu gen. et sp. nov. in having a rectangular tegmen with a conspicuous anterior emargination (vs spoon-shaped), symmetrical parameres with numerous short setae (vs asymmetrical, less setose), and a penis bearing a robust, pig-tail-shaped appendage (vs hook-shaped right appendage and acute left one). Females of S. porcicaudalis are distinguished from those of the other species by having a pair of lateral teeth on the bursal sclerite arranged in a V-shape and no basal tooth (vs teeth arranged in a U-shape with an extra basal tooth in S. mindu; parallel teeth in S. championi comb. nov.). The last instar larva is the largest among the three species (10.0–12.0 mm), with dark yellow coloration and lighter thoracic areas (vs uniformly yellow in S. mindu, and patterned abdomen in S. championi), and is characterized by seven pairs of basal setae on the clypeolabrum and deep lateral emarginations on tergite IX (vs three pairs and shallow emarginations in S. mindu).

Etymology

The name of this species refers to the shape of the penis that is twisted in a spiral resembling the tail of a pig. From Latin: ' porci ' = 'pig' and ' caudalis ' = 'pertaining to the tail'.

Type material

All the specimens have a label with the following information: Spumacinctus porcicaudalis sp. nov. Jorge, Libonatti, Benetti & Hamada.

Holotype

BRAZIL – Amazonas • ♂; Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, AM 024 km; 2°57′11.3″ S, 59°57′56.5″ W; 12 Jun. 2017; G. Jorge, R.B. Pinedo and A. Lopes leg.; larva collected in wild banana tree; adult obtained by rearing larvae under laboratory conditions; INPA.

Paratypes

BRAZIL – Amazonas • 1 ♀; same collection data as for the holotype; INPA • 1 ♂; Manaus, BR-174, Ramal da Vila Cuieiras; 2°35′21.2″ S, 60°01′52.8″ W; 12 May 2017; G. Jorge and J.O. Silva leg.; larva collected in wild banana tree; adult obtained by rearing larvae under laboratory conditions; INPA • 1 ♂; Manaus, stream near Eduardo Gomes Airport; 3°02′31.4″ S, 60°04′13.9″ W; 25 May 2022; G. Jorge, J.O. Silva and E.A. Cortês leg.; larva collected in wild banana tree; adult obtained by rearing larvae under laboratory conditions; INPA • 1 ♂; Manaus, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA); 15–16 May 2024; G. Jorge and E.S. Pereira leg.; adult collected using a lamp over a bucket; INPA.

Other material examined

BRAZIL – Amazonas • 66 larvae; Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, AM 024 km, trail L4-500; 2°57′11.3″ S, 59°57′56.5″ W; 12 Jun. 2017; G. Jorge, R.B. Pinedo and A. Lopes leg.; collected in wild banana tree; manual collection; INPA.

Description

Males (Figs 7A–C, 8A–H)

BODY. Oval, convex, covered closely with many setae, coloration completely yellow (Fig. 7A–C).

HEAD. Proportional length of antennomeres (n = 2): 1.8–2.4: 1.2; 1.0: 2.0–2.6: 2.2–2.6: 2.2–2.6: 2.0: 2.0–2.2: 1.8: 2.0: 2.2–2.4. Interocular space ca 2.9 × as long as maximum diameter of eye.

ABDOMEN. Covered with many setae, except for anterolateral glabrous areas on ventrites 2–4 and posteromedial area on ventrite 1 (Fig. 8A). Ventrite 2 bearing an anterior row of 7 setae with dark alveoli. Ventrite 5 with a marked emargination on posterior margin (Fig. 8A). Tergite VII semitrapezoidal, with slightly arched apodemes that project beyond the anterior margin for approximately ¼ of its total length; mid-posterior with distinct setae, more robust and smaller than other setae; posterior margin almost straight (Fig. 8B). Tergite VIII with semicircular plate, with several fine apical setae; pair of long apodemes, slightly arched and well sclerotized (Fig. 8C). Tergite IX elongate, with two paired semi-rectangular plates and relatively long and thin apical setae, a pair of long apodemes, arched and well sclerotized (Fig. 8D). Sternite IX oval with bilobed posterior margin, almost as long as wide, with relatively long apical setae (Fig. 8E). Tegmen symmetrical, well sclerotized, elongate and wide (Fig. 8F); basal part rectangular, with an emargination on anterior margin; parameres with many short setae, dilated in median portion and acuminate apex (slight asymmetry seen in Fig. 8F is an artifact caused by coverslip pressure). Penis asymmetrical, well sclerotized, elongate; pala concave in ventral surface and elongate; an appendage well sclerotized, with a helically twisted apex, like the tail of a pig (Fig. 8G–H). Measurements: (n = 2): TL 2.9–3.0 mm; HW 1.1–1.2 mm; IS 0.6 mm; PL 0.4 mm; PW 1.5–1.6 mm; EL 2.5–2.6 mm; EW 2.4–2.6 mm.

Female (Figs 7D–F, 8I–M)

BODY. More oval than in male, maximum elytra width (EW) located more posteriorly in relation to male (Fig. 7D–F). Elytral epipleura narrower than in male (Fig. 7E).

ABDOMEN. Covered with many setae (Fig. 8I). Ventrite 5 with an almost straight posterior margin, with much less marked emargination than in male (Fig. 8I). Tergite 7 semicircular, with slightly arched apodemes that project beyond anterior margin for approximately ½ of their total length; mid-posterior area well marked with distinct setae, more robust and longer than other setae; posterior margin rounded (Fig. 8J). Bursal sclerite well sclerotized, middle part with a pair of long lateral teeth arranged in a V-shape, without basal tooth (Fig. 8K–L). Prehensor cylindrical, well sclerotized, composed of two oval and rough plates arranged in parallel (Fig. 8M). Measurements (n = 1): TL 3.0 mm; HW 1.2 mm; IS 0.6; PL 0.4 mm; PW 1.5 mm; EL 2.5; EW 2.3 mm.

Last instar larva (Figs 7G, 9)

HABITUS (Fig. 7G). TL 10.0–12.0 mm (n = 5). Coloration dark yellow with lighter areas in the central region of the thorax, in dorsal view.

HEAD. Transverse rectangular, length 0.8–1.0 mm, width 1.2–1.5 mm (n = 5); lateral margins with a series of long, thin setae. Antennae short, reaching approximately up to prothorax; flagellum with at least 40 flagellomeres. Clypeolabrum V-shaped with two well-developed lobes with setae at oval apices; dorsal surface with fine, short, widely spaced setae; seven pairs of basal setae; palisade setae numerous, thin and long; a pore-like sensillum on each lobe base; each lobe with an apical elevation bearing a strong spine with three very small spines on outer margin; ventral surface with five thin inner setae, anterior four tightly grouped and separate from posterior largest one; ventral surface densely covered with short and fine setae, particularly on lobes (Fig. 9A–B). Mandible with a row of 42 long setae on outer margin, dorsal surface with a group of microtrichia near base; 13 medium-sized setae next to field of microtrichia (Fig. 9D). Maxilla elongate; galea with oval apex and dense brush bristles; triangular lacinia lacking teeth on inner margin; maxillary palp long, three palpomeres; first palpomere 3 × as long as wide, longest and more robust than others, with some small bristles and others larger; second palpomere twice as long as wide with only one seta; third palpomere with apex rounded, twice as long as wide, with few spaced setae on dorsal surface and an oval area of sensory organs present longitudinally on ventral surface at apex of palpomere (Fig. 9C). Hypopharynx as long as wide, socket and keel sclerite contiguous; basal pair of small pores arranged horizontally; small, elongate tooth bristles with 3–4 teeth; stiff plate with fine bristles; comb plate with 8 pairs of teeth; 32 pairs of long claw teeth; rounded cushion area (Fig. 9E–F).

THORAX. Several long and thin setae on lateral margins and a few short and thin setae on dorsal surface; prothorax more expanded than meso-metathorax, twice as long as wide; mesothorax and metathorax of similar length. Legs short, with robust and strong setae; front leg shortest and thinnest, femur with a long seta on inner margin; femur and tibia with robust and strong setae; tarsal claw with two robust, short setae (Fig. 9G).

ABDOMEN. Tergite VIII trapezoidal; posterior margin concave; dorsal surface densely covered with fine setae; middle portion with a pair of strong setae; a pair of horizontally arranged pore-like sensilla, situated between pair of strong setae and posterior margin; lateral margins covered with strong setae similar to pair of setae of middle portion, a long, thin setae on each lateral margin; a pair of thin, short setae at each lateral corner (Fig. 9H). Tergite IX arch-shaped; anterodorsal margin produced medially; anteroventral margin with simple setae; lateral margins each with a row of several hair-like setae of variable length; posterior margin concave, with one seta on each lateral corner; one deep emargination forming a lobe on each lateral margin (Fig. 9I). Sternite VIII trapezoidal, 3 × as wide as long; dorsal surface with a few short setae; lateral margin with several thin, elongate setae; three thin and long setae at each lateral corner (Fig. 9J). Sternite IX semicircular; dorsal surface with fine setae; posterior margin with a row of simple setae (Fig. 9K).

Distribution

Spumacinctus porcicaudalis gen. et sp. nov. is known from Brazil, state of Amazonas, Manaus municipality.