SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCE OF THE DECANTER CENTRIFUGE APPLICATION AT THE STAGE OF MECHANICAL DEWATERING IN COMMERCIAL LIGNIN PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

The time has come for real steps aimed at combating the global challenges faced by mankind, the main ones, according to the author, are warming and waste. At the interstate level, the leading countries have planned specific solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and waste disposal. In 2020, Glasgow hosted the World Climate Change Summit, during which more than thirty countries and six leading car manufacturers announced plans to phase out internal combustion engines by 2040. Almost every inhabitant of the globe saw or felt the melting of glaciers and objective warming. Warming and waste are two interrelated problems in human life. The implementation of the decisions taken will require years and huge financial investments. Therefore, the development of modern technologies for waste processing should be dealt with now. According to one study, South Korea recycles 49% of municipal solid waste. Sweden even makes money on waste disposal by importing it from neighboring countries. First, sorting is done for reuse, and everything that remains is burned. More than half of the energy for heating comes from burning garbage. But this applies mainly to solid household waste. Disposal of industrial waste is sometimes quite a difficult task and requires the use of the latest achievements in science and technology. The article is devoted to the optimization of one of the technological stages of industrial waste disposal, namely the mechanical dehydration of hydro-lytic lignin. The author comes to the conclusion that, due to its physical properties, applicable dehydration of lignin is possible only with the help of centrifugation. The author seeks to analyze the process of separation of an aqueous suspension of lignin at different concentrations. Depending on what target product you plan to get from lignin, various technological operations will be selected accordingly. According to the author, in most lignin processing technologies, dehydration will be important and will determine the profitability of the entire technological process. The environmentally friendly aspect of production is becoming increasingly important every day. Requirements for non-waste, minimal impact on the environment, and the so-called carbon footprint are becoming priorities and paramount. But this applies not only to modern production but also to the legacy inherited from outdated and sometimes closed enterprises, which left behind waste that still remains undisposed of. Often, waste from one production is the raw material for another production , subject to the availability of appropriate technologies. One of these resources is waste from the pulp, paper, and hydrolysis industries in the CIS countries. The amount of such waste is measured in millions of tons. This waste occupies large areas in the form of dumps and in municipal solid waste landfills, poses a danger to the environment and causes obvious harm to nature on the one hand, but can and already has industrial application somewhere on the other. This waste, like all others in principle , must be disposed of in a way that benefits the economy. The benefits for society and the bio-sphere are obvious. The main waste from hydrolysis production is powdered or hydrolyzed lignin and lignosulfonate, depending on what technology is used in production. The lignin content in wood ranges from 14 to 50% by weight, depending on the type and growing conditions of the trees; its content is higher in coniferous species than in deciduous ones [1]. There are two main pulping technologies , the most common being kraft pulping (in alkali) and the less commonly used sulphite pulp-ing (in acid). Lignin obtained in sulfate production is sulfate lignin and is usually utilized in power plants for pulp and paper mills. During sulfite production, solutions of sulfite lignins (lignosulfonates)