Preparation and identification of optimal formulation of Bioplastic

Abstract:

The excessive use of non-biodegradable petroleum-based plastics has led to serious environmental concerns, necessitating the development of sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. In the present study, biodegradable bioplastic films were prepared using corn flour as the primary raw material. Due to its high starch content, corn flour acts as an effective natural polymer capable of forming films upon gelatinization. Four different formulations (F1–F4) were developed by varying the composition of glycerin, calcium carbonate, and okra mucilage. Glycerin was used as a plasticizer to improve flexibility, calcium carbonate as a filler to enhance rigidity, and okra mucilage as a natural polysaccharide to evaluate its potential as a substitute for glycerin. The bioplastic films were prepared using a simple solution casting method involving controlled heating, stirring, and drying. The prepared films were evaluated for various physical and mechanical properties, including thickness, flexibility, appearance, water absorption, moisture content, and tensile strength. FTIR analysis was performed to identify functional groups and to study molecular interactions among the components. The results indicated that glycerin significantly improved flexibility but increased moisture absorption, whereas calcium carbonate enhanced structural stability. Okra mucilage exhibited good film-forming properties and showed potential as a natural plasticizer. The study concludes that corn flour-based bioplastic films can be effectively prepared using natural additives, and okra mucilage can serve as a promising eco-friendly alternative to conventional plasticizers, contributing to sustainable material development.