PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF GUAVA SEED EXTRACT

Psidium guajava is a well-known medicinal plant that has been commonly used in traditional medicine because of its many healing benefits. Guava seeds are usually treated as waste, but they contain many important phytochemicals that show valuable biological and health-related activities. The present study was conducted to examine the phytochemical properties, chromatographic profile, and antibacterial activity of guava seed extract prepared using the maceration method This work focused on studying the phytochemicals, chromatographic analysis, and antibacterial effect of guava seed extract prepared by the maceration method. The dried seed powder was extracted with ethanol and then tested to identify the presence of phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenolic compounds, and terpenoids. Thin-layer chromatography and paper chromatography were used to separate and study the bioactive compounds present in the extract. The TLC analysis showed an Rf value of 0.80, while paper chromatography gave an Rf value of 0.81, suggesting the presence of different phytochemical constituents. The antibacterial activity of the extract was tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus  aureus  using  the  agar  well  diffusion  method.  The  extract  showed  good  antibacterial  effect  against thetested bacteria. The findings show that guava seed extract is rich in bioactive compounds and may be useful as a natural source for developing pharmaceutical Products.