GENOCIDE PREVENTION MECHANISMS IN INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW

Genocide represents one of the gravest international crimes threatening humanity, international peace, and global security. Despite the existence of international legal instruments prohibiting genocide, mass atrocities continue to occur in various parts of the world. This article examines the international legal mechanisms aimed at preventing genocide within the framework of international criminal law. Particular attention is devoted to the legal definition of genocide, the role of the United Nations, the International Criminal Court, ad hoc international tribunals, and the doctrine of Responsibility to Protect (R2P). The article also analyzes contemporary challenges associated with early warning systems, political inaction, state sovereignty, and enforcement deficiencies. Furthermore, recommendations are proposed for strengthening international cooperation, improving preventive diplomacy, and enhancing accountability mechanisms in order to prevent future genocides.