THE IMAGE OF CENTRAL ASIAN CITIES IN THE 19TH CENTURY BASED ON THE WORKS OF EUROPEAN TRAVELERS

This article examines the image of Central Asian cities in the nineteenth century based on the accounts of European travelers and researchers. Particular attention is paid to the architectural appearance, socio-economic life, handicraft production, trade relations, and neighborhood structure of major cities such as Bukhara, Khiva, Kokand, Samarkand, and Tashkent. Drawing on the observations of Arminius Vámbéry, Alexander Burnes, Nikolai Khanikoff, and other travelers, the study analyzes urban landscapes, irrigation systems, public amenities, and the daily life of the local population. The article highlights the significance of travel accounts as valuable historical sources and demonstrates their contribution to reconstructing the urban image of Central Asia in the nineteenth century.