The Origami Compiler for Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing: Exact Diagrammatic Compilation, Zero-Overhead CCZ, and the Regime Ladder for Magic-State Distillation

Magic-state distillation (MSD) is the dominant overhead cost in fault-tolerant quantum computing: each logical T or CCZ gate currently requires 100–1,000 physical qubits dedicated to distillation, consuming the majority of a quantum processor's resources. This paper introduces the Origami Instruction Set Architecture (Origami ISA) as a compiler layer for fault-tolerant quantum error correction — operating on existing lattice surgery hardware without modification.

The five opcodes — FLIP, FLOP, SPLIT, SPLAT, TWIST — operate at the logical level and compute exact symbolic (rational or algebraic) amplitudes via the thermion library, enabling algebraic verification of gate correctness before any physical circuit is generated.

Three contributions:

1. Frobenius cancellation: The Frobenius axiom (SPLIT(j) ∘ SPLAT(j)= id) is an automatic compiler optimisation that detects and removes redundant merge-boundary open/close pairs in lattice surgery protocols, reducing physical gate count by 29–67% on standard protocols.

2. Regime ladder: Every quantum error-correcting code is classified by its F-move amplitudes. Rung-0 codes (stabiliser codes, surface codes) require MSD for non-Clifford gates. Rung-1 codes ([[15,1,3]] Reed-Muller, colour codes) support transversal non-Clifford gates with zero MSD overhead. The ladder predicts which hardware can eliminate MSD and which cannot.

3. Zero-MSD CCZ protocol: The SPLIT;FLOP;FLOP;CCZ;FLOP⁻¹;FLOP⁻¹;SPLAT protocol implements a universal CCZ gate on the combined [[7,1,3]] + 1531-Anvil hardware without any magic-state distillation. Machine-verified correctness via the Frobenius axiom and Pentagon identity, proved by exact symbolic arithmetic.

The Pentagon identity holds exactly for all five codes examined — proving by exact symbolic arithmetic rather than numerical simulation.

Keywords

Origami ISA, Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing, Magic State Distillation, Lattice Surgery, Frobenius Axiom, Pentagon Identity, Regime Ladder, CCZ Gate, Transversal Gates, Reed-Muller Code, [[15,1,3]] Code, Steane Code, [[7,1,3]] Code, 1531-Anvil, FLIP Opcode, FLOP Opcode, SPLIT Opcode, SPLAT Opcode, Quantum Compiler, Diagrammatic Calculus, Exact Arithmetic, Thermion Library, F-Move Amplitude, Colour Code, Surface Code, Quantum Error Correction, Zero Overhead