A Hybrid FPSO-MPC Energy Management System for Grid-Connected Solar Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

The rapid increase in electric vehicle adoption and renewable energy integration has created significant challenges in power management, charging coordination, and grid stability. This paper proposes a hybrid Fuzzy-Particle Swarm Optimization-Model Predictive Control (FPSO-MPC) framework for solar-assisted EV charging stations. The proposed framework integrates day-ahead scheduling using MPC, real-time uncertainty management using FIS, and offline parameter optimization using PSO.