ANTI-AGING

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This work constitutes an exhaustive study on the formulation of an integrative food supplement designed to optimize brain function, protect the central nervous system, and promote cellular longevity through the synergistic combination of cutting-edge compounds in neuroscience and geroscience. The proposed formulation integrates compounds with telomerase activation capacity (cicloastragenol, TA-65®, TAC, astragaloside IV), neuronal energy metabolism modulators (NAD+, coenzyme Q10), neuroprotective polyphenols (resveratrol), essential fatty acids (omega-3 EPA/DHA), vitamin D3, and micronutrients critical for cognitive function (vitamins B6, B9, B12, magnesium, zinc, selenium).

This review analyzes the scientific evidence available for each component, establishes optimal doses based on clinical trials and preclinical studies, and provides pharmacological and nutritional justification for the proposed combination. The document is structured to serve as a scientific reference for researchers, health professionals, and developers of nutritional formulations oriented toward healthy brain aging.

**Keywords:** cicloastragenol, TA-65, telomerase, neuroprotection, NAD+, resveratrol, omega-3, cognition, cellular longevity, nutritional supplementation

***

# 1. INTRODUCTION

## 1.1 Scientific Context and Justification

Brain aging represents one of the most significant challenges of contemporary medicine. The world population is aging at an unprecedented rate: according to the World Health Organization, it is estimated that by 2050 the population aged 60 years or older will double, reaching 2.1 billion people. This demographic transition entails a proportional increase in the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders, age-associated cognitive impairment, and reduced quality of life related to brain health.

The molecular mechanisms of brain aging are multifactorial and include:

1. **Telomere shortening**: The protective structures at chromosome ends shorten with each cell division, leading to cellular senescence and tissue dysfunction.

2. **Oxidative stress**: The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) damages neuronal cellular components, including membrane lipids, proteins, and DNA.

3. **Mitochondrial dysfunction**: The decrease in ATP production and the increase in mitochondrial ROS generation compromise available neuronal energy.

4. **Chronic neuroinflammation**: Persistent microglial activation and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines contribute to neuronal deterioration.

5. **Nutritional deficiencies**: The decrease in absorption and utilization of essential micronutrients affects neurotransmission, myelination, and synaptic plasticity.

6. **NAD+ reduction**: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide levels decline significantly with age, affecting sirtuin function and DNA repair.

## 1.2 Proposed Formulation Approach

The proposed formulation strategy addresses multiple pathogenic pathways of brain aging simultaneously through the integration of:

- **Telomerase activators**: Compounds that prevent or reverse telomere shortening

- **Metabolic modulators**: Molecules that optimize neuronal energy production and utilization

- **Powerful antioxidants**: Substances that neutralize oxidative stress without interfering with physiological redox signaling

- **Essential fatty acids**: Structural components of neuronal membranes with anti-inflammatory activity

• **Cofactor micronutrients**: Vitamins and minerals necessary for neurotransmitter
• synthesis and brain enzymatic function