ECOLOGICAL SAFETY EVALUATION OF WASTE DUMPS AND TAILINGS IN DEEP-LEVEL MINING OPERATIONS

Waste dumps and tailings storage facilities associated with deep-level mining operations represent significant sources of ecological risk. This paper evaluates the ecological safety of four major mining waste facilities using a multi-criteria framework integrating geotechnical stability, geochemical characterization, and ecological impact assessment. Two facilities exhibit critical stability deficiencies requiring immediate remediation.