THEORY OF HEAT TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT

In recent decades, significant attention has been devoted to the theory and practical application of heat transfer enhancement technologies due to the increasing industrial demand for compact, energy-efficient, and economically sustainable heat exchange systems. The reduction of material consumption, operational costs, and environmental impact has accelerated the development of advanced heat transfer enhancement methods. This article examines the theoretical foundations of heat transfer enhancement and analyses the operational principles, classification, and industrial applications of enhanced heat transfer surfaces. The study investigates passive and active enhancement techniques, intensified surface geometries, twisted tape inserts, plate heat exchangers, mini-channel systems, and modern hybrid enhancement technologies. Furthermore, the article evaluates the thermal-hydraulic performance characteristics of enhanced heat transfer systems and analyses their influence on energy efficiency, compactness, pressure loss, and fouling reduction. The findings demonstrate that intensified heat transfer technologies significantly improve thermal performance, reduce equipment dimensions, increase energy recovery, and contribute to environmental sustainability through lower energy consumption and reduced CO₂ emissions.