The Standard Model Derived: A Comparative Analysis of Parameter Frameworks and the Cascade Solution
Description
For sixty years, theoretical physics has attempted to explain why the Standard Model parameters take their observed values. The approaches have been consistent in method and consistent in result: add structure — supersymmetric partners, extended gauge groups, extra dimensions, a string landscape — and explain nothing. Not one confirmed Standard Model parameter has been derived from first principles by any of these frameworks. This paper presents a systematic comparison of six major parameter frameworks against a seventh: the Resonance Theory, based on the Feigenbaum renormalization group. The comparison reveals a categorical distinction. Every existing framework either adds new structure, reduces parameters without explaining them, or fits without deriving. The cascade framework requires none of these. It adds no particles, no dimensions, no parameters, and no modifications to any existing equation. From two proven universal constants — α = 2.50291 and δ = 4.66920 — it derives seventeen Standard Model observables including the Weinberg angle, the fine structure constant, the strong-to-weak coupling ratio, the fermion mass hierarchy, and the Higgs boson mass. Most critically, the Koide sum rule Q = 2/3 — observed for 43 years without derivation — follows exactly and algebraically from the cascade bifurcation amplitude δ_K = √2, requiring no fitting of any kind. The distinction is not one of degree. It is one of kind. The Standard Model parameters are not free. They are outputs of the Feigenbaum renormalization group fixed point. The sub-atomic search is complete. Paper 46 of the Resonance Theory series.
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Additional details
Related works
- Continues
- Preprint: 10.5281/zenodo.20367344 (DOI)
- Preprint: 10.5281/zenodo.20367346 (DOI)
- Is part of
- Preprint: 10.5281/zenodo.19313140 (DOI)
Dates
- Created
-
2026-05-24
- Updated
-
2026-05-25
Software
- Repository URL
- https://github.com/lucian-png/resonance-theory-code
- Programming language
- Python
- Development Status
- Active
References
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- 2. Randolph, L. (2026). "The Geometric Necessity of Feigenbaum's Constant: A Derivation from the Universal Cascade Theorem." Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18818008
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- 7. Randolph, L. (2026). "The Transition Constant: Feigenbaum's α Governs the Onset of Nonlinear Dynamics from Quantum Decoherence to Gravitational Merger." Paper 35.
- 8. Randolph, L. (2026). "Why Nothing Else Worked: A Comparative Analysis of Unification Frameworks and the Resonance Theory Alternative." Paper 36. Under review: Foundations of Physics.
- 9. Randolph, L. (2026). "The Bounce Theorem." Unification Paper IV v1.7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20084634. Under review: Acta Mathematica (260512-Randolph).
- 10. Randolph, L. (2026). "The Gauge Parameters: Standard Model Gauge Sector Constants from Cascade Geometry." https://zenodo.org/records/20367345. Paper 44 of this series. Key results: sin²θ_W = 1/(2√δ), T² = α₃/α₂, 1/α_em = (αδ)².
- 11. Randolph, L. (2026). "The Fermion Level: Standard Model Mass Hierarchy from Cascade Geometry." https://zenodo.org/records/20367347. Paper 45 of this series. Key results: Q = 2/3 exact, m_d/m_u = √δ, m_c/m_μ = T⁴.
- 12. Randolph, L. (2026). "The Mixing Matrix Architecture: A Cascade Geometric Derivation of the CKM and PMNS Parameters." Paper 48 of the Resonance Theory series. With the first geometric derivation of the Quark-Lepton Complementarity relation. DOI: pending.
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