Published May 27, 2025
| Version v1
Journal article
Restricted
The extraordinary diversity of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of leaf litter in the Yangambi Biosphere Reserve, Tshopo, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors/Creators
Description
Ambakina, Hervé, Gómez, Kiko, Monzenga, JEaN-ClaUdE, Kouakou, Lombart M., Dekoninck, Wouter (2025): The extraordinary diversity of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of leaf litter in the Yangambi Biosphere Reserve, Tshopo, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Belgian Journal of Entomology 159: 1-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20173093
Files
Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
- LSID
- urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7A224499-CD95-48DE-9CF0-23307FC23D73
- LSID
- urn:lsid:plazi.org:pub:CC059A54FFC1FF82FFF6FFFEFFEEFFAF
References
- AGOSTI D. & ALONSO L.E., 2000. - The ALL protocol: a standard protocol for the collection of ground-dwelling ants. In: AGOSTI D., MAJER J., ALONSO L.E. & SCHULTZ T. (eds.) - Ants: standard methods for measuring and monitoring biodiversity. Smithsonian Press, Washington, 204-206.
- AMBAKINA H., 2022. - DiversitE entomologiQue et arborescente dans les forets du village Bangbasende Tshopo RD Congo. Memoire DES. Universite de Kisangani, 49pp.
- AMBAKINA H., GOMEZ ABAL K., GUENARD B., MONZENGA J.C., ECONOMO E.P. & DEKONINCK W., 2024. - Overview of myrmecological studies and a checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Biodiversity Data Journal, 12: e132915. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e132915
- AMBAKINA H., LOOLI J.L., ANGAFAHUNE J., PENDUMBA L., CHANDIWA G., BOLONDO G., MONZENGA J.C. & NSHIMBA H., 2022a. - Seasonal Influence on Entomological Diversity in Two Forest Types (Intact and Disturbed) at Bagbasende Village, Tshopo, DR, Congo. Elixir Environment and Forestry, 168: 56356-56358.
- AMBAKINA H., LOOLI B.L., BOLONDO G., YABENGWA R., SENGELI L., BOHULA F., MONZENGA J.-C., NSHIMBA, H., 2022b. - EfficacitE de Quatre piEges au cours d'un inventaire entomologiQue dans les forets de Bagbasende, province de la Tshopo en REpubliQue DEmocratiQue du Congo. African Journal of Tropical Entomology Research, 2: 140-144. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6969791
- ANDERSEN A. N., 1990. - The use of ant (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) communities to evaluate change in Australian terrestrial ecosystems: a review and a recipe. Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia, 16: 347-357.
- BERNARD E., 1945. - Le climat EcologiQue de la Cuvette EQuatoriale Congolaise. Bruxelles: publications I.N.E.A.C., hors sErie, 44pp.
- BELSHAW R. & BOLTON B. 1994. - A Survey of the Leaf Litter Ant Fauna in Ghana, West Africa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 3: 5-16. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/24524.
- BOLTON B., 1975. - A revision of the ant genus Leptogenys Roger (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Ethiopian region with a review of the Malagasy species. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 31: 235-305.
- BOLTON B., 1976. - The ant tribe Tetramoriini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Constituent genera, review of smaller genera and revision of Triglyphothrix Forel. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology, 34: 281-379.
- BOLTON B., 1980. - The ant tribe Tetramoriini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The genus Tetramorium Mayr in the Ethiopian zoogeographical region. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 40: 193-384.
- BOLTON B., 1981. - A revision of the ant genera Meranoplus F. Smith, Dicroaspis Emery and Calyptomyrmex Emery (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Ethiopian zoogeographical region. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 42: 43-81.
- BOLTON B., 1982. - Afrotropical species of the myrmecine ant genera Cardiocondyla, Leptothorax, Melissotarsus, Messor and Cataulacus (Formicidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 46: 307- 370.
- BOLTON B., 1987. - A review of the Solenopsis genus-group and revision of Afrotropical Monomorium Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 54: 263-452.
- BOLTON B., 2000. - The ant tribe Dacetini (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 65: 1-1028.
- BOLTON B., 2007. - Taxonomy of the dolichoderine ant genus Technomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) based on the worker caste. Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 35(1): 1-150.
- BOLTON B. & BELSHAW R., 1993. - Taxonomy and biology of the supposedly lestobiotic ant genus Paedalgus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Systematic Entomology, 18: 181-189.
- BOLTON B., & FISHER B.L., 2008. - The Afrotropical ponerine ant genus Phrynoponera Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa, 1892: 35-52.
- BOLTON B. & FISHER B.L., 2011. - Taxonomy of Afrotropical and West Palaearctic ants of the ponerine genus Hypoponera Santschi (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa, 2843: 1-118.
- BROWN W. L., 1975. - Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. V. Ponerinae, tribes Platythyreini, Cerapachyini, Cylindromyrmecini, Acanthostichini, and Aenictogitini. Search: Agriculture; Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, 15: 115pp.
- BROWN W.L. JR. 1976.- Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. Part VI. Ponerinae, tribe Ponerini, subtribe Odontomachiti. Section A. Introduction, subtribal characters. Genus Odontomachus. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Studia Entomologica, 19: 67-171.
- BROWN W.L. JR.., 1978. - Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. Part VI. Ponerinae, tribe Ponerini, subtribe Odontomachini. Section B. Genus Anochetus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) and bibliography. Studia Entomologica, 20: 549-638.
- DE LEENHER L., D'HOORE J. & SYS K., 1952. - Cartographie et caractErisation pEdologiQue de la catena de Yangambi. Institut National pour l'Etude Agronomique du Congo Belge, 55: 1-62.
- DEL TORO I., RIBBONS R.R. & PELLINI S.L., 2012. - The little things that run the world revisited: a review of antmediated ecosystem services and disservices (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News, 17: 133-146.
- DRACHOUSSOFF V., FOCAN A. & HECQ J., 1991. - Le developpement rural en Afrique central 1908-1960/1962. Synthese et reflexions. Bruxelles: Fondation Roi Baudouin, volume I et II, 1203pp.
- DUNN R.R., 2005. - Modern insect extinctions, the neglected majority. Conservation Biology, 19: 1030-1036.
- FERNANDEZ F., 2003. - Revision of the myrmicinae ants of the Adelomyrmex genus-group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa, 361: 1-52.
- FISHER B.L., 2004. - Diversity patterns of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) along an elevational gradient on Monts Doudou in southwestern Gabon. Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences, 28: 269-286.
- FISHER B.L., 2009. - Two new dolichoderine ant genera from Madagascar: Aptinoma gen. n. and Ravavy gen. n. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 2118(1): 37-52. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2118.1.3.
- FISHER B.L. & BOLTON B., 2016. - Ants of Africa and Madagascar: A Guide to the Genera. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). University of California Press, USA.
- FISCHER G., AZORSA, F., FISHER B.L., 2014. - The ant genus Carebara Westwood (Hymenoptera, Formicidae): synonymisation of Pheidologeton Mayr under Carebara, establishment and revision of the C. polita species group. ZooKeys, 438: 57-112.
- GASCON C. & LOVEJOY T.E., 1998. - Ecological impacts of forest fragmentation in central Amazonia. Zoology, 101: 273-280.
- GASTON K.J. & KUNIN W.E., 2012. - The Biology of Rarity: Causes and consequences of rare -common differences. Population and Community Biology Series (17), 294pp.
- GEDNEY N. & VALDES P.J., 2000. - The effect of Amazonian deforestation on the northern hemisphere circulation and climate. Geophysical Research Letters, 27(19): 3053-3056.
- GIBSON L., LEE T.M., KOH L.P., BROOK B.W., GARDNER T.A., BARLOW J., PERES C.A., BRADSHAW C.J.A., LAURANCE W.F., LOVEJOY T.E. & SODHI N.S., 2011 - Primary forests are irreplaceable for sustaining tropical biodiversity. Nature, 478: 378-381.
- GODFRAY H.C.J., LEWIS O.T., & MEMMOTT J., 1999. - Studying insect diversity in the tropics. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London - Series B, 354: 1811-1824.
- GOMEZ K., 2022. - A revision of the Afrotropical species of the Dorylinae ant genus Aenictus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) based on the worker caste. Belgian Journal of Entomology, 124: 1-86.
- GOMEZ K., KOUAKOU L.M., FISCHER G., HITA GARCIA F., KATZKE J. & ECONOMO E.P., 2022. - Pheidole klaman sp. nov.: a new addition from Ivory Coast to the Afrotropical pulchella species group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys, 1104: 129-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1104.81562
- GOMEZ K., HAWKES, P.G. & FISHER B.L., 2023. - Ant endemicity in the highlands and escarpments of Angola and Namibia (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Namibian Journal of Environment, 8: 197-203.
- GROC S., 2007. - Structure taxonomique et application de la notion de minimalisme taxonomique a la myrmecofaune des Nouragues, Guyane francaise. Monographie, mEmoire de master 2 SEP, UniversitE Paris 6 et MNHN, 32pp.
- GROC S., 2011. - Communautes natives des fourmis (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) de la litiere en forets naturelles de Guyane francaise et impact de la conversion forestiere en plantations monospecifiques. ThEse de doctorat, UniversitE des Antilles et de la Guyane, 275pp.
- HAMMOND P.M., 1995. - The current magnitude of biodiversity. In: HEYWOOD V. H. (eds). - Global biodiversity assessment. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 113-38.
- HITA GARCIA F. & FISCHER G., 2014. - Additions to the taxonomy of the Afrotropical Tetramorium weitzeckeri species complex (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae), with the description of a new species from Kenya. European Journal of Taxonomy, 90: 1-16.
- HITA GARCIA F., FISCHER G. & PETERS M.K., 2010. - Taxonomy of the Tetramorium weitzeckeri species group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropical zoogeographical region. Zootaxa, 2704: 1-90.
- HITA GARCIA F., LIEBERMAN Z., AUDISIO T.L., LIU C. & ECONOMO E.P., 2019. - Revision of the highly specialized ant genus Discothyrea (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropics with x-ray microtomography and 3D cybertaxonomy. Insect Systematics and Diversity, 3(6): 1-84.
- HITA GARCIA F., MBANYANA N., AUDISIO T.L. & ALPERT G.D., 2017. - Taxonomy of the ant genus Nesomyrmex Wheeler (Formicidae, Myrmicinae) in the Afrotropical region, with a review of current species groups and description of a new species of the N. angulatus group from MozambiQue. European Journal of Taxonomy, 258: 1-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2017.258
- HOLLDOBLER B. & WILSON E.O., 1990. - The Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Cambridge Mass, 762pp.
- IYONGO L.W.M., VISSER M., DE CANNIERE CH., VERHEYEN E., AKAIBE B.D., ALI-PATHO J. U. & BOGAERT J., 2012 - Anthropisation et effets de lisiEre : impacts sur la diversitE des rongeurs dans la REserve ForestiEre de Masako (Kisangani, R.D. Congo). Tropical Conservation Science, 5 (3): 270-283.
- JOMA A.M.A. & MACKAY W.P., 2017 - Revision of the African ants of the Bothroponera sulcata species complex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 143: 7-71.
- JOMA A.M.A. & MACKAY W.P., 2020. - Revision of the African ants of the Bothroponera talpa species complex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 146: 355-408. http://dx.doi:10.3157/061.146.0206
- KASPARI M., 1996. - Worker size and seed size selection by harvester ants in a neotropical forest. Oecologia, 105(3): 397-404.
- KOMBELE B., 1998. - Evaluation de l'etat de fertilite de sols sous forets primaires et differentes jacheres dans la cuvette centrale congolaise : cas du secteur de Yangambi. MEmoire de D.E.S, FacultE Universitaire des Sciences AgronomiQues de Gembloux, BelgiQue, 83pp.
- KOMBELE B., 2004. - Diagnostic de la fertilite des Sols dans la Cuvette centrale congolaise. Cas des series Yakonde et Yangambi. ThEse de doctorat, FacultE Universitaire des Sciences AgronomiQues de Gembloux, BelgiQue.
- KOUAKOU L.M.M., YEO K., KONE M., OUATTARA K., KOUAKOU A., DELSINNE T. & DEKONINCK W., 2018. - Espaces verts comme une alternative de conservation de la biodiversitE en villes : le cas des fourmis (HymEnoptEre : Formicidae) dans le district d'Abidjan (Cote d'Ivoire). Journal of Applied Biosciences, 131: 13358-13381. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jab.v131i1.10
- LAPOLLA J.S., HAWKES P. & FISHER J.N., 2013. - Taxonomic review of the ant genus Paratrechina, with a description of a new species from Africa. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 35: 71-82. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.35.5628
- LAPOLLA J.S. & FISHER B.L., 2014 - Two new Paraparatrechina (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) species from the Seychelles, with notes on the hypogaeic weissi species-group. ZooKeys, 414: 139-155. https://doi.org10.3897/ zookeys.414.7542
- LAPOLLA J.S., HAWKES P.G. & FISHER B.L., 2011. - Monograph of Nylanderia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the World, Part I: Nylanderia in the Afrotropics. Zootaxa, 3110: 10-36.
- LAWTON J.H. & MAY R.M., 1995. - Extinction rates. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 246pp.
- LONGINO J.T., CODDINGTON J. & COLWELL R.K., 2002. - The ant (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) fauna of a tropical rain forest: estimating species richness three different ways. Ecology, 83: 689-702.
- MAWDSLEY N.A. & STORK N.E., 1995. - Species extinctions in insects: ecological and biogeographical considerations. In: R. HARRINGTON R. & STORK N.E.(eds). - Insects in a changing environment. Academic Press, London, 321-369.
- MCKINNEY M.L., 1999. - High rates of extinction and threat in poorly studied taxa. Conservation Biology, 13: 1273-1281.
- NSENGIMANA V. & DEKONINCK W., 2021. - Soil-litter ant (HymenoptEra Formicidae) community response to reforested lands of Gishwati tropical montane forest, northernwestern part of Rwanda. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 37(4): 1-10.
- NSHIMBA S.M., 2008. - Etude floristique, ecologique et phytosociologique des forets de l'ile Mbiye a Kisangani, RDC. ThEse de doctorat, UniversitE Libre de Bruxelles, 272pp.
- ODEGAARD F., 2000 . - How many species of arthropods? Erwin's estimate revised. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 71: 583-97.
- PIMM S.L. & RAVEN P., 2000. - Biodiversity - Extinction by numbers. Nature, 403: 843-845.
- RIGATO F., 2016. - The ant genus Polyrhachis F. Smith in sub-Saharan Africa, with descriptions of ten new species. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa, 4088: 1-50.
- SANTSCHI F., 1926. - Trois notes myrmEcologiQues. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 95: 54-69.
- SANTSCHI F., 1935. - Fourmis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) du MusEe du Congo Belge. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 27: 254-285.
- STADLER B. & DIXON A., 2005. - Ecology and Evolution of Aphid-Ant Interactions. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 20: 345-372.
- STORK N.E., 1999. - The magnitude of biodiversity and its decline. In: CRACRAFT J. & GRIFO F.T. (eds). - The Living Planet in crisis: Biodiversity science and policy. Columbia University Press, New York, 3-32pp.
- STORK N.E., GRIMBACHER P.S., STOREY R., OBERPRIELER R.G., REID C. & SLIPINSKY S.A., 2008. - What determines whether a species of insect is described? Evidence from a study of tropical forest beetles. Insect Conservation and Diversity, 1: 114-119.
- THOMAS J.A., TELFER M.G., ROY D.B., PRESTON C.D., GREENWOOD J.J.D., ASHER J., FOX R., CLARKE R.T. & LAWTON J.H., 2004. - Comparative losses of British butterflies, birds, and plants and the global extinction crisis. Science, 303: 1879-1881.
- TSCHARNTKE T., KLEIN A.M., KRUESS A., STEFFAN-DELWENTER I. & THIERS C., 2005. - Landscape perspectives on agricultural intensification and biodiversity - ecosystem service management. Ecology Letters, 8: 857-874.
- VANDENPUT R., 1981. - Les principales cultures en AfriQue centrale. Tournai : publications D.G.A., Editions Lesaffre, hors serie: 228-259.
- WANG M., 2003. - A Monographic Revision of the Ant Genus Pristomyrmex (Hymenoptera:Formicidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 157(6): 383-542.
- WARD P.S., 2022. - The ant genus Tetraponera (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Afrotropical region: taxonomic review and key to species. Zootaxa, 5102 (1): 1-70.
- WILSON E.O., 1988. - Biodiversity. National Academy Press, Washington, 538pp.
- YAMADA A., NGUYEN D.D. & EGUCHI K., 2023. - First discovery of the ant genus Eburopone Borowiec, 2016 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Oriental realm, with description of a new species from Vietnam. ZooKeys, 1184 : 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1184.109702
- YEO K., TIHO S., OUATTARA K., KONATE S., KOUAKOU L.M.M. & FOFANA M., 2013. - Impact de la fragmentation et de la pression humaine sur la reliQue forestiEre de l'UniversitE d'Abobo-AdjamE (Cote d'Ivoire). Journal of Applied Biosciences, 61: 4551-4565.
- YODE D.C.V., KOUAKOU L.M.M., DOSSO K., DEKONINCK W., YEO K., KONATE S. & KOUASSI P.K., 2023. - Diversity and assembly composition of arboreal ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in a west African humid forest-savannah mosaic. African journal of Ecology, 61(4): 890-897. https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.13189