Evaluating Patient Safety Policy Implementation in a Middle-Class Private Hospital in Indonesia

Patient safety remains a critical component in the delivery of high-quality healthcare globally. Despite the existence of formal patient safety management policies in many Indonesian hospitals, challenges in policy implementation persist, affecting overall patient safety outcomes. This study aims to analyze the implementation of patient safety management policies at a private hospital in Indonesia (Hospital X) using a qualitative descriptive approach grounded in the Donabedian framework, focusing on input, process, and output dimensions. Data were collected through purposive in-depth interviews with key informants and analyzed via data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. Findings reveal that although the hospital has established policy documents and organizational structures to support patient safety, the dissemination and operational understanding of these policies remain limited. Positive factors include an active patient safety committee and ongoing internal training, while challenges such as underreporting of incidents, lack of incentives, and suboptimal interprofessional communication were identified. The study concludes that the implementation of patient safety policies is underway but not yet optimal, emphasizing the need to strengthen safety culture, improve training programs, and develop an incident reporting system free from punitive perceptions. Management support and continuous monitoring are essential to enhance patient safety outcomes. These findings contribute valuable insights for healthcare institutions aiming to improve patient safety policy execution.