Preliminary Study and Phytochemical Screening of Peanut Shell

Peanut shells, an abundant agricultural by-product, are often discarded despite their potential as a valuable source of bioactive compounds. The present study was conducted to perform a preliminary investigation and phytochemical screening of peanut shell extracts to evaluate their chemical constituents and possible therapeutic significance. The dried peanut shells were powdered and subjected to solvent extraction using suitable solvents such as ethanol, methanol, and aqueous media. Standard qualitative phytochemical tests were carried out to detect the presence of major secondary metabolites. The results revealed the presence of important phytoconstituents including flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, saponins, and glycosides, while steroids and terpenoids were found in moderate or trace amounts depending on the solvent used. These compounds are known for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. The findings suggest that peanut shells, though considered waste, possess significant phytochemical potential and may be utilized in the development of natural therapeutic agents or value-added products. This preliminary study highlights the importance of further quantitative analysis and biological activity evaluation to fully explore the pharmacological and industrial applications of peanut shell extracts.