Exploring the Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Potential of Artocarpus lakoocha: A Comprehensive Review

Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb. (Moraceae), commonly known as Monkey Jack, is a tropical fruit-bearing tree widely distributed across South and Southeast Asia and traditionally used for the management of infections, inflammatory disorders, liver ailments, and other health conditions. The fruit is rich in vitamin C, beta-carotene, and essential antioxidant minerals such as zinc, copper, manganese, and iron, which contribute to its strong antioxidant potential and immune-supportive properties. This review summarizes the available literature on the ethnomedicinal uses, nutritional composition, phytochemical constituents, and pharmacological activities of Artocarpus lakoocha. Phytochemical investigations have identified diverse bioactive compounds responsible for a wide range of biological activities, including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antitubercular, anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, cytotoxic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects. Although numerous pharmacological properties have been reported, limited information is available regarding its immunomodulatory mechanisms and clinical validation. This review highlights the therapeutic significance of Artocarpus lakoocha and emphasizes the need for further studies on standardization, safety assessment, and clinical investigations to support its development as a potential phytopharmaceutical agent.