新交易经济学:从交易成本到交易生态的范式革命(New transaction economics: Paradigm Revolution from transaction cost to transaction ecology)
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摘 要:自亚当·斯密开启交易理论研究以来,古典经济学、新古典经济学、旧制度经济学、新制度经济学等八大流派循着各自脉络独立发展,在局部领域实现理论突破,却始终陷入视角割裂、范式碎片化的困境,未能形成统摄全局的核心元范畴与统一理论框架。科斯以交易成本为核心建构新制度经济学,推动现代交易理论实现关键性跃迁,但其单一成本分析维度难以涵盖多层级经济结构,更无法适配数字经济背景下平台交易、数据要素、算法缔约等新型交易形态。本文原创提出“交易生态”核心元范畴,界定其本体内涵与基础公理,搭建微观—中观—宏观—数字全域四维嵌套结构,构建超越交易成本的生态摩擦理论、三层协同治理机制与闭环演化路径,通过范式对比彰显理论原创性与现实解释力。研究实现交易经济学从碎片化分项研究向系统性范式的根本性变革,既兼容整合西方各流派合理内核,又能破解传统理论无法解释的数字交易新现实,为中国自主经济学知识体系建构、市场制度设计、平台生态治理及全球交易秩序重构提供奠基性原创理论支撑。
关键词:交易生态;新交易经济学;生态摩擦;制度演化;数字交易
Abstract
Abstract: since Adam Smith started the study of transaction theory, eight schools of classical economics, neoclassical economics, old institutional economics and new institutional economics have developed independently according to their respective contexts and achieved theoretical breakthroughs in local areas, but they have always fallen into the dilemma of fragmented perspectives and norms, and failed to form a core meta category and unified theoretical framework that governs the overall situation. Coase constructed a new institutional economics with transaction cost as the core, and promoted the key transition of modern transaction theory. However, its single cost analysis dimension is difficult to cover the multi-level economic structure, and it is also unable to adapt to new transaction forms such as platform transactions, data elements, algorithm contracting under the background of digital economy. This paper originally proposed the core meta category of "transaction ecology", defined its ontological connotation and basic axioms, built a micro meso macro digital four-dimensional nested structure, built an ecological friction theory beyond transaction costs, a three-tier collaborative governance mechanism and a closed-loop evolution path, and demonstrated the theoretical originality and practical explanatory power through Paradigm Comparison. Research and realize the fundamental change of transaction economics from fragmented sub research to systematic paradigm, which is not only compatible with the integration of the reasonable core of Western schools, but also can break the new reality of digital trading that cannot be explained by traditional theories, and provide the foundation and original theoretical support for the construction of China's independent economic knowledge system, the design of market system, the ecological governance of platform and the reconstruction of global trading order.
Key words: transaction ecology; New transaction economics; Ecological friction; Institutional evolution; Digital transaction
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新交易经济学：从交易成本到交易生态的范式革命.pdf
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- New transaction economics: Paradigm Revolution from transaction cost to transaction ecology