Big Data in Official Statistics: An Analysis of Latin America and the Caribbean Based on Literature Review, Survey Findings, and In-Depth Interviews

This report presents the results of the third edition of the International Consultation on the Use of Big Data in Latin America and the Caribbean, conducted in 2024 by the United Nations Regional Hub for Big Data in Brazil within the framework of the Statistical and Geoscientific Production Modernization Project, coordinated by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). The study aims to assess the current use and potential of big data for the production of official and experimental statistics in the region, as well as to identify challenges, opportunities, and priorities for national statistical institutes (NSIs).

The analysis is based on a mixed-methods approach combining a literature review, an online questionnaire, and in-depth interviews. Data were collected from 24 countries that participated in previous consultation rounds, with 15 responses to the questionnaire and 12 interviews conducted in 2024. The study examines four main dimensions: the production of official statistics, experimental statistics, studies on big data use, and future plans for its application. Additional aspects explored include data sources, technical capacities, resource needs, and opportunities for collaboration.

The findings indicate a growing engagement of countries with big data, particularly in the transition from experimental initiatives to official statistical production and strategic planning. Commonly used data sources include satellite imagery and web scraping, while mobile data remains less explored despite recognized potential. Key challenges identified include limited technological infrastructure, shortages of skilled personnel, legal and ethical constraints related to data access, and the need for institutional coordination.

The report highlights the importance of regional cooperation, knowledge sharing, and capacity building to advance the effective and ethical use of big data in official statistics. It provides a set of non-prescriptive recommendations addressing legal, technical, operational, and methodological dimensions, allowing countries to adapt strategies to their specific contexts. The results contribute to ongoing efforts to strengthen statistical systems and promote innovation in Latin America and the Caribbean