Kumarkhali Upazila: a key habitat for the breeding of birds

Present status of birds as well as their breeding allow them to conserve. Kumarkhali Upazila of Bangladesh could be a suitable place to observe the abundance, distribution, and breeding biology of wild birds. At the time of surveying, direct observation, and interviews with locals and experts helped to write this paper. Out of 100 species of birds, common residents were found 41 and uncommon visitors (winter and summer) 8, with 17 orders and 50 families as well. Within the resident birds, the breeding species were 51out of 100 species of birds. Remarkable plants were banyan (Ficus benghalensis), rubber (Ficus elastica), American mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni), coconut (Cocos nucifera), and karoi (Albizia procera). Gorai River and ponds supported to build their nest to successful breeding. The highest birds were found in the order Passeriformes (40 species) then the Pelecaniformes (8 species) due to sufficient bushes and water resources in this area. Due to rapid urbanization, most of the birds are decreasing but recently, bank myna (Acridotheres ginginianus), feral pigeon (Columba livia), white-rumped munia (Lonchura striata), and yellow-footed green pigeon (Treron phoenicopterus) were seen abundant with their nests. Without grey-headed fish-eagle other enlisted species were found least concern.