LANGUAGE AND CULTURE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING

Abstract: This article examines the close relationship between language and culture in the process of foreign language learning. It argues that language is not only a means of communication but also a reflection of cultural values, social norms, and worldview. The study focuses on the interaction between linguistic competence and cultural awareness, showing that successful communication in a foreign language requires knowledge of both grammar and sociocultural context. Special attention is paid to the Japanese language as an example of how cultural values such as politeness, hierarchy, and indirectness are embedded in linguistic forms. The article also includes an individual learning experience to illustrate how language shock and culture shock influence students’ understanding of a foreign society. The findings suggest that integrating cultural content into language teaching improves learners’ communicative competence and helps prevent misunderstanding in intercultural interaction.