Published April 30, 2026
| Version 1.0
Preprint
Open
GSCO: The Global Standard Classification of Occupations — A Deterministic Multilingual Database to Solve the N² Cross-Table Problem in International Occupation Classification
Description
GSCO (Global Standard Classification of Occupations) is a deterministic multilingual database that aggregates 129 national occupation classifiers into a single ISCO-08-aligned structure to expose and resolve cross-table incoherence. The paper documents the methodology, audits 22 common professions across all 9 ISCO major groups, and demonstrates concrete cases where national taxonomies diverge irreconcilably from ISCO-08 — including renumbered major groups (South Africa OFO 2017), parser-truncation bugs (Brunei BDSOC), and absent occupations (Togo zemidjan moto-taxi, Honduras moto-taxi forestal, Guatemala bicitaxis). Includes worked examples for ISCO 2221 (nurses vs financial brokers vs medical doctors), the universal teacher/taxi-driver case, and recommendations for the ILO's ISCO-28 working group (active revision phase 2026–2028). Open dataset and per-country reports at https://gsco.io. Repository: https://github.com/Reincarnatiopedia/gsco
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Dreshmanis_GSCO_v1.0_2026.pdf
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Additional details
Related works
- Is supplemented by
- Other: https://gsco.io (URL)
- Software: https://github.com/Reincarnatiopedia/gsco (URL)
- Other: https://reincarnatiopedia.com (URL)
- Other: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/User:Maris_Dreshmanis (URL)
- Other: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8151-4088 (URL)