Assessment of Agricultural Vulnerability Using Climate and Socio-Economic Indicators: A Descriptive Analysis of Karjat Taluka, Maharashtra

Agriculture in semi-arid regions is increasingly affected by climate fluctuations and socio-economic challenges, resulting in heightened vulnerability. This study presents a spatial analysis of agricultural vulnerability in Karjat taluka of Ahilyanagar district, Maharashtra, by combining climate-related and socio-economic indicators within a Geographic Information System (GIS) framework. Key variables such as rainfall variability, temperature patterns, soil characteristics, irrigation availability, landholding size, and literacy rates were examined to understand spatial differences in vulnerability. The results indicate that vulnerability is most pronounced in rainfed areas with weaker socio-economic conditions, while regions with better irrigation and infrastructure show comparatively lower vulnerability. The study demonstrates the significance of integrating environmental and socio-economic factors and highlights the usefulness of geospatial tools in guiding climate-resilient agricultural planning.