New Exploration on the Essential Classification of the Four Fundamental Interactions

The physics community currently classifies nature into four fundamental interactions: universal gravitation, strong interaction, electromagnetic force, and weak interaction, assuming they are independent and equal in hierarchy. From the perspective of the essential structure of matter and the logic of cosmic evolution, the traditional classification has obvious problems of hierarchical confusion and separation of origins. Based on the origin of mass as the core criterion, this paper reclassifies the four fundamental forces. The cosmic forces can be divided into two systems: mass-origin forces and non-mass attribute forces. The strong interaction and gravitation both originate from matter mass and belong to homologous fundamental forces; the electromagnetic force and weak interaction are derivative forces of additional attributes of matter, with no direct relation to the origin of mass. This paper is a pioneering reasoning, aiming to provide a new perspective for physical research and lay a foundation for the subsequent unification of forces and the study of microscopic mechanisms.