The Dual Lives of Massive Stars: From Supernovae to Black Holes

Note: v2.0 incorporates feedback received on v1.0.

This is an independent work in progress by a high-school student from Pakistan.

All errors are my own.

Version 2.0: This version extends the original conceptual framework by providing the underlying mathematical formalism for each principle. The core analogies remain unchanged. The added equations serve to ground the conceptual framework presented in this paper in established physics, specifically General Relativity and Newtonian Mechanics.

This paper proposes an intuitive, analogy-based framework for understanding complex astrophysical phenomena through the principle of inevitable pathways in curved spacetime. Using mechanical analogies of opposition, pressure, and termination, this model explains Newtonian inertia, tidal forces, and stellar collapse. The framework is intended as a cognitive bridge for educational outreach and conceptual clarity in physics communication.