Published April 19, 2026 | Version v1.0.2

Bitopological Spaces from Directed Graphs: Extending the Nada Construction to Capture Temporal Irreversibility — Reproducibility and Formalization Bundle

Description

v1.0.2 — Editorial revision of the manuscript.

> Note on files. This version archives only the revised manuscript
> (`directed_nada_bitopology.pdf` / `directed_nada_bitopology.tex`). The
> complete research compendium — Lean 4 formalization against Mathlib,
> R package implementing the construction, empirical dataset
> (`GDPC1_snapshot.csv`), and Rmarkdown reproducibility notebook — is
> byte-identical to v1.0.1 and is archived there:
> [`10.5281/zenodo.{{DOI_V1.0.1}}`](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.{{DOI_V1.0.1}}).
> Readers interested in reproducing the empirical or formal results
> should consult v1.0.1.

This release contains an exposition refinement of the manuscript. No
mathematical, algorithmic, formalization, or empirical content has been
modified: all theorems and proofs, the complexity analyses, the Lean 4
formalization against Mathlib, the R implementation of the construction,
the dataset, and the reproducibility notebook are byte-identical to
v1.0.1.

Changes are confined to the manuscript source and its compiled PDF
(`paper/directed_nada_bitopology.tex`, `paper/directed_nada_bitopology.pdf`):

- The introduction has been rebalanced to open directly with the
  non-trivial contributions of the paper — the identification of the
  bitopological structure $(V, \tau^{+}, \tau^{-})$ as the carrier of
  temporal asymmetry, the pairwise invariants that make this asymmetry
  visible, and the tractable irreversibility indices that quantify it.
  The methodological reflection on the structural universality of the
  generated-topology functor, previously distributed between the
  introduction and the discussion, is now consolidated in §6.2
  (Formalist compression and constructive content), where it belongs
  by the natural sequence of argument.
- A grammatical remnant from an earlier revision, in §6.2.1
  (Relation to prior work), has been corrected.
- Minor wording adjustments in the conclusion improve the rhetorical
  balance of the closing paragraph.

Readers who have already consulted v1.0.1 on technical grounds need take
no action: every mathematical claim, proof, algorithm, and empirical
finding is unchanged between the two versions.

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