Fourier Optics Diffraction Dataset: Form and Structure Factors

This dataset accompanies a research article currently under peer review. It provides a complete and reproducible set of numerical simulations illustrating the decomposition of diffraction intensity into form factor and structure factor within the framework of Fourier optics.

The dataset includes Python scripts, precomputed diffraction patterns, radial intensity profiles, and high-resolution figures for a range of representative systems, including:
- single scattering elements (disk and square),
- ensembles of randomly oriented particles,
- periodic lattices (square and centered square),
- uncorrelated random systems (Poisson point process),
- correlated disordered systems (Poisson disk sampling),
- and polydisperse particle ensembles.

All simulations are based on binary amplitude masks and Fraunhofer diffraction computed via Fourier transforms. The provided materials enable full reproduction and verification of the results presented in the associated manuscript without the need for rerunning computationally intensive simulations.

Each dataset is organized into individual cases with consistent naming and includes a dedicated README file describing simulation parameters.

AI-based tools (Claude) were used to assist in the development of parts of the simulation code. All generated outputs were manually reviewed, verified, and corrected by the authors.

This dataset is intended for use in teaching and demonstration of fundamental concepts in Fourier optics and scattering theory, particularly the interplay between real-space structure and reciprocal-space intensity distributions.