Reproductive Cycles and Factors Influencing Reproductive Cycle in Finfish and Their Application for Aquaculture

Fish and shellfish have intricate reproduction cycles that are impacted by a variety of biological and environmental variables. Among the several reproductive techniques used by finfish, especially teleosts, is external fertilization, in which sperm fertilize eggs released into the water column. The majority of species produce a lot of eggs, yet because of predators and environmental factors, their survival rates are frequently low.(Mañanós et al., 2009) The photoperiod, temperature, and seasonal rainfall are important elements that affect reproduction and provide indications for the timing of spawning. For example, in order to maximize the conditions for fry survival, many freshwater species reproduce during particular seasons, such as the spring or the monsoon.Crustaceans and mollusks that are classified as shellfish also exhibit a variety of reproductive tactics, such as internal and external fertilization. Environmental elements that have a major impact on their reproductive success include salinity, temperature, and the availability of habitat.(Torsabo et al., 2022) To guarantee that larvae are released at the best possible conditions for survival, several species, for instance, have synchronized spawning episodes that are triggered by changes in water temperature or lunar cycles.