Industrial Label Dataset for Structured Information Extraction

Overview

This dataset supports the evaluation of structured information extraction approaches from industrial labels. It was designed to enable systematic comparison between classical OCR-based processing pipelines and Vision-Language Model (VLM) approaches.

The dataset consists of three variants that progressively increase in visual complexity while sharing a consistent semantic structure and annotation schema. This gradual transition from controlled synthetic data to realistic captures allows targeted evaluation of how different visual conditions affect extraction performance.

Dataset Variants

1. Synthetic

Synthetically generated industrial label images providing idealized, artifact-free renderings. Labels were created using an automated generation script and reflect typical industrial logistics labeling scenarios with variable textual fields and layout structures.

Key properties:

• Full control over content and ground truth
• Wide layout variability: square, portrait, and landscape formats, varying canvas sizes
• Randomized typography, font sizes, alignments, and border styles
• Structured header regions (sender/recipient) and tabular middle sections
• Machine-readable elements: barcodes (with human-readable text) and QR codes
• Semantic field variability (e.g., "Quantity", "QTY", "Count", "Count number" all refer to the same field)
• Content generated using the Faker library for realistic logistics data (addresses, IDs, weights, etc.)

Each image has a corresponding JSON annotation file.

2. Augmented

The complete synthetic dataset with document-specific augmentation techniques applied, simulating degradations encountered in practical settings. Textual content is identical to the synthetic base, only visual appearance changes. The augmentations were generated with the Augraphy tool.

Augmentation types:

• Double Exposure — simulates double exposure artifacts
• Letterpress and Dirty Drum — simulates letterpress printing and dirty drum roller artifacts
• Lighting Gradient and Shadowcast — simulates uneven lighting, gradients, and cast shadows

Note: Augmented images share annotations with their synthetic counterparts. No separate JSON files are included in the augmented subfolders; annotations from synthetic subset apply directly.

3. Real

Physically captured images created by printing a subset of synthetic labels and photographing them with an iPhone 11 Pro Max camera. This variant introduces realistic effects that are difficult to replicate digitally, including variations in lighting, perspective distortion, reflections, and camera-induced artifacts.

Unlike the augmented variant, the photographed labels were independently generated with new content, extending the dataset beyond visual variations of existing samples.

Each image has a corresponding JSON annotation file.

Annotation Format

Every image is annotated in a unified JSON format. Each annotation file contains:

• label_id — unique identifier for the label instance
• image_file — filename of the corresponding image
• objects — list of annotated elements, each with:
  • type — element type (e.g., "text", "barcode", "qrcode")
  • value — semantic content (literal text or decoded symbol sequence)
  • bbox — bounding box as [x_min, y_min, x_max, y_max] in pixel coordinates
• metadata — image dimensions, generation flag, and creation timestamp

License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Use Cases

• Detect and extract text fields, barcodes, and QR codes from structured industrial documents
• Analyze and parse diverse label layouts including headers, tabular sections, and mixed content regions
• Evaluate model robustness under visual degradation such as noise, blur and lighting variations

Acknowledgements

This dataset was created during a master's thesis at the University of Leipzig, conducted within the ScaDS.AI Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence.

The work was carried out in collaboration with Deutsche Telekom MMS as part of the IPCEI-CIS (Important Project of Common European Interest on Next Generation Cloud Infrastructure and Services) project.

The synthetic label generation script was originally developed by Rafael Gagarin within the IPCEI-CIS project team. For this dataset, the script was adapted to additionally save precise ground-truth annotations alongside the generated images.

Changelog

v02 (2026-06-10)

• Corrected an issue where augmented images were unintentionally downscaled when either dimension exceeded 1800 px. Affected images in double_exposure/, letterpress_dirtydrum/, and lighting_gradient_shadow_cast/ have been upscaled back to match the original dimensions specified in the corresponding synthetic annotation files (using Lanczos resampling).