Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions with Fixed Dose Combinations: Special Reference to Self-Medication and Preventability

Background: Fixed dose combinations (FDCs) are commonly utilized yet frequently linked to adverse drug responses (ADRs), especially cutaneous symptoms. Self-medication exacerbates the likelihood of improper drug utilization and avoidable adverse drug reactions (ADRs).

Methods: Prospective observational research was undertaken over one year comprising 350 patients with cutaneous adverse drug reactions related to fixed-dose combinations. Demographic data, FDC types, self-medication habits, clinical patterns, and preventability (utilizing standard measures) were gathered and examined.

Results: Of the 350 patients, maculopapular rash was observed in 32% and urticaria in 25%, making them the predominant manifestations. Self-medication was observed in 42% of patients and shown a strong correlation with the prevalence of adverse drug reactions (p < 0.01). Approximately 55% of adverse drug reactions were classified as avoidable. Combinations of antibiotics and NSAIDs were the most prevalent offending fixed-dose combinations (FDCs).

Conclusion: Cutaneous adverse drug reactions resulting from fixed-dose combinations are prevalent and predominantly avoidable. Self-medication significantly contributes to their prevalence. Stringent regulation, patient education, and judicious prescribing are crucial to mitigate the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs).