Immunohistochemical Expression of Survivin and Cd44 in Er, Pr, Her 2-Neu +/- Cases of Carcinoma Breast- A Correlative Study

Breast carcinoma remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. Recent advances in immunohistochemistry have emphasized the importance of identifying novel biomarkers that may improve prognostic accuracy and therapeutic targeting. Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis, and CD44, a cancer stem cell marker, have emerged as significant contributors to tumor progression and resistance mechanisms. The present study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of Survivin and CD44 in breast carcinoma cases and to correlate their expression with established markers, including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2/neu status. This study was conducted on histopathologically confirmed cases of breast carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining was performed, and expression patterns were analyzed. The findings demonstrated variable expression of Survivin and CD44 across different receptor profiles. Increased expression of these markers was associated with more aggressive tumor characteristics and unfavorable receptor status. In conclusion, Survivin and CD44 may serve as valuable adjunct biomarkers in breast carcinoma, aiding in better understanding tumor biology and potentially guiding targeted therapeutic strategies.