Prevalance Of Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Orthopaedic Clinics in Central India: An Analysis

Background: Prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis cases are increasing in developing countries like India. Early detection by BMD (Bone Mineral Density) and management by orthopaedic surgeons gives better outcomes. Few studies are available in India to prove osteoporosis and management by orthopaedic clinics. Aim of study was to determine prevelance of osteopenia and osteoporosis in patients attending orthopaedics clinics, outpatient department in central India.

Methods: This was prospective study where total 1215 patients were screened for BMD (Bone Mineral Density) screening camps were conducted on fourth Wednesday of every month from May 2022 to May 2025 at Reliable Multispeciality Hospital Nagpur Maharashtra. Patients were grouped into young adults (18-59) and elderly (>59 years). Patients were categorized as per WHO’s diagnostic categories (WHO BMD categories): a T-score >-1 was designated as normal BMD, a T-score ≤-1.0 to >-2.5 as osteopenia, and a T-score ≤-2.5 as osteoporosis

Results: Prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in our study was found to be (66.42%) and (6.01%) respectively in all the age groups. Women had more prevalence of osteoporosis (6.78%), while men had only (4.75%).  Osteopenia was more prevalent in men (74.95%) than women (61.17%). Osteopenia, was most frequently seen among younger adults at 79.8%, and older adult population 67.9%.

Conclusion: Present study found a high prevalence of osteopenia in the age group of 18-59 years. Osteoporosis affects predominantly older (>59 yrs) age group and higher in Females. Hence, we recommend extending routine screening for BMD in middle aged orthopaedic outpatients.