The Consequences of Blindly Launching Rockets: The Challenge of Cleaning Up Space Debris and the Best Personal Solution

Space debris has become one of the most critical threats to the sustainable use of near-Earth space. Since the launch of Sputnik 1 in 1957, over 6,000 orbital launches have generated more than 4,500 tons of artificial debris, the majority of which resides in low Earth orbit (LEO). Traveling at velocities of 7–8 km/s, even centimeter-sized fragments carry enormous kinetic energy capable of destroying operational satellites or endangering crewed spacecraft. This paper first examines the historical development of the debris population, from early deliberate releases such as Project Westford to major events including the 2007 Chinese anti-satellite test and the 2009 Iridium-Cosmos collision. It then analyzes current risks, demonstrating how the Kessler syndrome could render key orbital regions unusable for centuries if left unchecked. To address this crisis, a novel multi-layered personal solution is proposed. The system integrates four synergistic components: (1) strategic orbital raising of operational satellites combined with induced natural collisions to fragment large debris, (2) high-energy laser ablation to de-orbit or vaporize medium-to-large objects, (3) a dual-layer artificial atmosphere that creates localized aerodynamic drag to decelerate or burn up small fragments, and (4) active containment measures using shepherd satellites and buffer gases to prevent uncontrolled diffusion. A detailed Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) evaluates risks across all layers, while cost-benefit calculations indicate a favorable risk-adjusted return of 6.2–8.7: 1 over 25 years. Technical feasibility is assessed using current propulsion, laser, and gas-storage technologies, with an operational roadmap projecting initial demonstration by 2030 and full deployment by 2035–2037. This architecture offers a scalable, cost-effective pathway to reverse debris growth and restore long-term sustainability to low Earth orbit. By combining passive orbital mechanics with active intervention and innovative gas-drag techniques, the proposed system addresses all debris size regimes in a coordinated manner. The work, conducted independently by a high-school researcher, demonstrates that meaningful contributions to complex space sustainability problems are possible even without institutional support. Ultimately, proactive and coordinated action is required to ensure that future generations inherit a clean and accessible orbital environment rather than a congested debris field.

Keywords: space debris, low Earth orbit, Kessler syndrome, active debris removal, laser ablation, artificial atmosphere, orbital raising, induced collision, orbital debris mitigation, sustainability of space environment, multi-layered removal system, international space law