《山海经》神权空间认知新范式——第22篇:先秦神权视域下"不周负子"本义考——兼论《大荒西经》与《西次三经》方位互证

本文是《山海经》神权空间认知新范式系列研究的第22篇。以先秦原生文字训诂为根基,立足人神分野与神权空间梯度核心研究范式,结合《大荒经》《西山经》地理实证成果,对《大荒西经》“不周负子”进行本源解读。研究明确:“西北海之外”并非实指海域,而是以登封—禹州阳城盆地为核心原点的先秦方位代称,专指大荒西经世俗人域西北侧的神权外缘区;“不周负子”四字均取商至春秋先秦本义,其核心内涵为排除于世俗人域之外、承托神权本源的顶级神权地标。通过方位互证可确定,《大荒西经》所载“不周负子”所处区位,与《西山经·西次三经》神域核心区形成空间对位,二者同属先秦西部二元神权体系的神权顶峰空间,是早期中国神权秩序与空间认知的核心符号。本文为《山海经》地理实证与神权符号研究提供了新的文本证据。本系列总纲及全部实证研究已同步发布。

This paper is No. 22 in the series The Classic of Mountains and Seas: A New Paradigm of Theocratic Spatial Cognition. Grounded in pre‑Qin philology and the core research paradigms of human‑god division and theocratic spatial gradient, and building upon the geographical empirical results of the Great Wilderness Classics and the Western Mountains Classic, this study offers an original interpretation of the term “Bu Zhou Fu Zi” in the Great Wilderness West Classic. It clarifies that “beyond the Northwest Sea” is not a reference to an actual sea, but a directional designation in the pre‑Qin spatial system centered on the Dengfeng‑Yuzhou Yangcheng Basin, specifically referring to the theocratic outer zone northwest of the secular human domain of the Great Wilderness West Classic. The four characters “Bu Zhou Fu Zi” are interpreted according to their original meanings from the Shang to the Spring and Autumn period, signifying a paramount theocratic landmark excluded from the secular human realm and sustaining the source of theocratic power. Through spatial mutual verification, it is established that the location of “Bu Zhou Fu Zi” in the Great Wilderness West Classic corresponds to the theocratic core region of the Third Western Sequence of the Western Mountains Classic; both belong to the pinnacle of the western dual theocratic system in pre‑Qin China and serve as core symbols of early Chinese theocratic order and spatial cognition. This paper provides new textual evidence for the geographical empirical study of The Classic of Mountains and Seas and research on theocratic symbols. The general outline of this series and all 25 empirical studies have been published concurrently.