Rethinking the Particle: Proton Knots and Electron Sheaths

This paper presents a structural interpretation of fundamental particles within a tension-based framework of spacetime. Rather than treating particles as point-like entities or excitations of independent fields, the model considers them as stable configurations arising from localized organization within a continuous medium.

Within this framework, the proton is interpreted as a coherent topological structure, while the electron is described as a surrounding sheath that defines the boundary of interaction and response. This configuration provides a unified description of particle stability, charge behavior, and interaction, emphasizing the role of geometry and coherence rather than discrete particle properties alone.

The model explores how structural organization determines particle behavior, including stability, interaction, and response to external conditions. By treating particles as bound configurations within a structured medium, the approach provides a consistent basis for linking particle properties to larger-scale physical behavior.