ETIOLOGY OF EPILEPSY AND MODERN TREATMENT APPROACHES

This article provides a scientific analysis of the etiology, pathogenesis, and modern treatment approaches to epilepsy. Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic disorders of the central nervous system, characterized by recurrent seizures resulting from excessive and synchronous electrical activity of brain neurons. The paper examines the genetic, structural, infectious, and metabolic factors that influence the onset of the disease. Furthermore, it highlights modern therapeutic approaches used in the management of epilepsy, including the significance of antiepileptic drugs, surgical methods, and dietary therapy. The findings of the study indicate that early diagnosis and effective treatment are crucial factors in improving the quality of life for patients with epilepsy.