Published March 31, 2026 | Version v1
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Denosumab in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: Tumor Response and Surgical Outcomes

Authors/Creators

  • 1. Department of Orthopaedics, Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Srimanta Sankaradeva University of Health Sciences, Guwahati, Assam, India

Contributors

  • 1. Department of Orthopaedics, Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Srimanta Sankaradeva University of Health Sciences, Guwahati, Assam, India

Description


Research Article                                                                                                  

 

 

Denosumab in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: Tumor Response and Surgical Outcomes

 

Dr. HC Frank*, Dr. Sanyam Rathi

 

Department of Orthopaedics, Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Srimanta Sankaradeva University of Health Sciences, Guwahati, Assam, India

 

*CorrespondingAuthor: Dr. HC Frank, Department of Orthopaedics, Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Srimanta Sankaradeva University of Health Sciences, Guwahati, Assam, India.

 

 

 

Citation: Dr. HC Frank, Dr. Sanyam Rathi. Denosumab in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: Tumor Response and Surgical Outcomes. Journal of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine 8 (2026): 122-127.

Abstract (English)

Abstract

Introduction

Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a locally aggressive tumor with low metastatic potential. Giant cells express RANK ligand (RANKL), contributing to osteolytic destruction. Denosumab, a monoclonal antibody against RANKL, inhibits osteoclast activity.

Aims & Objectives

To evaluate the role of denosumab in GCTB management and assess its risks and benefits.

Methods

Fifteen patients (aged ≥12 years, weight ≥45 kg) with Campanacci grade 2/3 GCTB received denosumab (120 mg SC monthly for 3–4 months, with loading doses on days 8 and 15). Calcium (500 mg) and vitamin D (400 IU) were supplemented. Assessments included clinical, radiological (X-ray, CT, MRI), and biochemical (CBC, calcium, phosphate) monitoring every 4 weeks.

Results

Denosumab showed high tumor response rates, improved quality of life, reduced pain, and decreased need for extensive surgery. Toxicity was acceptable.

Series information (English)

Conclusion

Denosumab is effective as adjunct therapy in advanced GCTB, though complications (hypocalcemia, ONJ, atypical fractures, recurrence) require monitoring.

 

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Additional details

Additional titles

Alternative title
Tumor Response and Surgical Outcomes

Identifiers

DOI
10.26502/josm.511500261

Related works

Is published in
Publication: 2688-5115 (ISSN)

Dates

Available
2026-03-30
PUBLISHED

References

  • Dr. HC Frank, Dr. Sanyam Rathi. Denosumab in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: Tumor Response and Surgical Outcomes. Journal of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine 8 (2026): 122-127.
  • Dr. HC Frank, Dr. Sanyam Rathi. Denosumab in Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: Tumor Response and Surgical Outcomes. Journal of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine 8 (2026): 122-127.