Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Bermuda Grass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.)
Authors/Creators
- 1. Dr. D. Y. Patil Arts Commerce and Science College, Akurdi, Pune
Description
Medicinal plants are a valuable source of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential. Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., commonly known as Bermuda grass, has been traditionally used in herbal medicine for wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial purposes. The present study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts of C. dactylon. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenols, and glycosides. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the agar well diffusion method against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungal strains. The extract exhibited significant inhibitory activity, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with maximum zones of inhibition of 18.2 ± 0.4 mm and 16.5 ± 0.3 mm, respectively, at 500 µg/mL. The findings support the traditional use of C. dactylon and suggest its potential as a natural antimicrobial agent.
Medicinal plants have been used worldwide for centuries as primary healthcare remedies. The increasing resistance of microorganisms to conventional antibiotics has intensified the search for alternative antimicrobial agents derived from plant sources.
Cynodon dactylon, belonging to the family Poaceae, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Traditionally, it has been used in the treatment of wounds, urinary tract infections, diarrhea, and inflammation. Previous studies indicate that the plant contains flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds responsible for various pharmacological activities. Cynodon dactylon is a perennial herb found in various regions of India. It has different names in different Indian languages such as “durva”, “durba”, “dhro”, “, “arukampillu”, “sharapova” etc. It contains many metabolites, mainly proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, flavonoids, carotenoids, alkaloids and glycosides.4 It is found in warm climates all over the world between 45 degrees south and north latitudes. It is available throughout the year.
Cynodon dactylon also possesses immense medicinal value and may be applied both externally as well as internally. The plant is astringent, sweet, cooling, constipating, haemostatic, diuretic and tonic and is useful in impaired conditions of pitta and kapha, burning wounds, leprosy, diarrhoea, vomiting etc. The plant is a remedy for snake bites, gout and rheumatic infections (1). ernative medicines. The therapeutic effect of plants is generally attributed to the activity of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, lignin’s, or other phytochemical constituents that can be extracted using polar and/or non-polar solvents (2).
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