"Breaking the Ventilator Chain: Evidence-Based Strategies for Preventing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critical Care Settings"

Abstract: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains one of the most common and serious healthcare-associated infections in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation. It significantly increases morbidity, mortality, length of hospital stay, and healthcare costs. Despite advances in critical care, the prevention of VAP continues to be a major clinical challenge. This review article explores evidence-based strategies for preventing VAP, focusing on nursing interventions, clinical protocols, and multidisciplinary approaches. Key preventive measures include adherence to ventilator care bundles, strict infection control practices, oral hygiene, appropriate sedation management, and early mobilization. Emerging strategies such as subglottic secretion drainage, selective digestive decontamination, and technological innovations are also discussed. The role of nurses in implementing and sustaining these interventions is emphasized. Integrating evidence-based practices into routine care can significantly reduce the incidence of VAP and improve patient outcomes.