Published December 9, 2025 | Version v1

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Keywords—thin films; ZnO; impurities; photocatalysis; ecology

Photocatalysis is the activation of reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions due to the influence of light. The reaction is connected to specific substances, called photocatalysts. Photocatalysis can be used for the decomposition of water in hydrogen and oxygen and for the degradation of harmful substances in water and air under sun exposure [1]. As a result of light irradiation, a semiconductor photocatalyst particle generates electron-hole pairs that can reach the surface of the particle, enter in the redox reactions with environmental molecules and cause their dissolution, e.g. water dissolves into oxygen and hydrogen. Hydrogen, obtained from water, can be


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DOI : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19214945

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